LPN Pharmacology

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Clients with rheumatic heart disease are at risk for infective endocarditis, a serious infection of the heart lining or valves, and need prophylactic antibiotics before invasive procedures, including dental work, to prevent this life-threatening complication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The therapeutic response by the nurse in this situation involves reflecting the client's feelings back to them, which demonstrates active listening and empathy. By restating the client's preference to talk to their doctor, the nurse acknowledges and validates the client's feelings, thereby fostering a positive therapeutic relationship and promoting open communication.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Monitoring for a dry cough is crucial when taking captopril as it can be a common side effect. If a dry cough develops, it should be reported to the healthcare provider promptly, as it may necessitate discontinuation of the medication.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Assessing the client's level of consciousness is the priority action post-CABG surgery to monitor for signs of cerebral hypoxia or other complications that require immediate intervention. Changes in the client's level of consciousness can indicate neurological deterioration, which is critical to address promptly in this postoperative period.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When using a metered-dose inhaler, the client should take a deep breath and then exhale just before administration. This technique helps ensure that the medication is inhaled effectively. By exhaling before administration, the client can fully inhale the medication into the lungs, maximizing its therapeutic effects.