ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients taking digoxin should be instructed to report any visual disturbances, as this can be a sign of digoxin toxicity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue, especially in the voluntary muscles. Patients with myasthenia gravis commonly experience weakness in muscles that control eye movements, facial expressions, chewing, swallowing, and speaking. This weakness typically worsens with activity and improves with rest. Joint pain, loss of sensation, and severe headaches are not typical symptoms of myasthenia gravis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct advice for the administration of ferrous sulfate is to take it on an empty stomach for best absorption. This enhances the absorption of iron. If gastrointestinal upset occurs, the medication can be taken with food. Taking ferrous sulfate with dairy products or before bedtime is not recommended. Vitamin C can actually help with the absorption of iron and is often recommended to be taken alongside iron supplements to enhance absorption.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The rapid, deep (Kussmaul) respirations in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis indicate a metabolic acidosis, necessitating correction with a saline bolus to prevent hypovolemia, followed by insulin administration to facilitate glucose re-entry into cells. Oxygen therapy is not warranted as the increased respiratory rate is not due to hypoxemia but is compensatory in response to acidosis. Encouraging slow breathing or administering lorazepam would be inappropriate as they can worsen the acidosis by suppressing the compensatory respiratory effort.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Numbness and tingling around the mouth can indicate hypocalcemia, a potential complication after thyroidectomy. Hypocalcemia can occur due to inadvertent injury or removal of the parathyroid glands during the thyroidectomy, leading to decreased calcium levels. As a result, the client may experience symptoms such as numbness, tingling, muscle cramps, or spasms. Prompt intervention is necessary to prevent severe complications like tetany or seizures. Therefore, the healthcare provider should address numbness and tingling around the mouth immediately to prevent further deterioration of calcium levels and potential serious outcomes.