LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid beverages containing caffeine. Caffeine is a stimulant that can interfere with sleep, making it difficult for the client to fall asleep at night. Taking sleep medication regularly (choice B) may not address the root cause of the sleep difficulty and can lead to dependency. Watching television in bed (choice C) can actually stimulate the brain and hinder relaxation before sleep. Advising the client to take several naps during the day (choice D) can disrupt the sleep-wake cycle further. Therefore, recommending the avoidance of caffeine-containing beverages is the most appropriate intervention to help the client improve their ability to sleep at night and function better during the day.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Decreasing the intake of high-fat foods is essential in managing pancreatitis as high-fat foods can exacerbate symptoms and lead to complications. By reducing high-fat foods in their diet, the client demonstrates an understanding of the dietary management needed for pancreatitis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing high-fat foods (Choice A) is not recommended for pancreatitis as it can worsen the condition. While high-protein foods (Choice C) can be beneficial in some cases, the primary focus in pancreatitis management is on reducing fat intake. Decreasing high-protein foods (Choice D) is not a key dietary management approach for pancreatitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a client is on a soft diet, it is important to offer foods that are easy to chew and swallow. Mashed potatoes are a suitable choice for a soft diet as they are soft in texture and easy to digest. Fresh apples, raw carrots, and nuts are harder and may not be appropriate for a soft diet. Fresh apples and raw carrots require more chewing, and nuts are hard and crunchy, which can be difficult for someone on a soft diet to consume. Therefore, mashed potatoes are the correct option for a client on a soft diet.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for managing hypertension. Increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables is a key component of the DASH diet as these foods are rich in nutrients that can help lower blood pressure levels. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they go against the principles of the DASH diet, which focuses on reducing sodium intake, increasing potassium-rich foods, and consuming whole grains.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because decreasing fluid intake is essential in managing fluid retention and symptoms of heart failure. Restricting fluids helps prevent excessive fluid buildup in the body, thus reducing the workload on the heart and alleviating symptoms like swelling and shortness of breath. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Increasing intake of foods high in sodium can exacerbate fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms. Increasing potassium-rich foods is beneficial for some heart conditions but not heart failure specifically. Decreasing fiber intake is not a standard recommendation for heart failure management.