ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct intervention for sore nipples in a breastfeeding mother is to suggest applying lanolin cream after each feeding. Lanolin cream can help soothe and protect the nipples, promoting healing and reducing discomfort. Using a breast pump may not address the underlying issue causing soreness. Washing nipples with soap and water excessively can lead to dryness and further irritation. Reducing breastfeeding frequency may impact milk supply and bonding. Therefore, recommending lanolin cream is the most appropriate intervention to alleviate soreness in this situation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct intervention for perineal pain in a postpartum client is the use of ice packs for the first 24 hours. Ice packs help reduce swelling and discomfort in the perineal area, especially during the initial post-delivery period. Applying heat packs can exacerbate swelling and discomfort. Avoiding peri-bottles may lead to poor perineal hygiene. Using tampons is contraindicated postpartum as it increases the risk of infection.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction for circumcision care is to use warm water to gently clean the penis during diaper changes. Alcohol wipes should be avoided as they can cause irritation. Yellowish exudate around the head of the penis is a normal part of the healing process and does not require reporting unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms. Avoiding petroleum jelly on the circumcision site is important to prevent trapping moisture and bacteria, which can lead to infection.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin E is not a standard treatment for infected hematomas. The primary interventions for infected hematomas typically involve incision and drainage to remove infected fluid and debris, along with the administration of systemic antibiotics to combat the infection. Vitamin E does not play a significant role in the treatment of infected hematomas and is therefore not recommended as a primary treatment option. Choice A (Incision and drainage) and Choice B (Systemic antibiotics) are recommended treatments for infected hematomas as they help in removing infected fluid and combating the infection, respectively. Therefore, the correct answer is D, Vitamin E.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Cephalohematoma. Physiologic jaundice in newborns can occur due to the breakdown of excess red blood cells. A cephalohematoma, a collection of blood caused by ruptured blood vessels between a cranial bone's surface and periosteal membrane, can lead to increased red blood cell breakdown. This increased breakdown can contribute to the development of physiologic jaundice in newborns. Choices B, Mongolian spots, and C, Telangiectatic nevi, are both benign skin conditions and are not directly associated with increased red blood cell breakdown. Choice D, Molding, refers to the shaping of the fetal head during passage through the birth canal and is not related to the development of physiologic jaundice.