HESI RN Exit Exam Capstone

Questions 101

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HESI RN Exit Exam Capstone Questions

Question 1 of 5

An older client is admitted to the intensive care unit unconscious after several days of vomiting and diarrhea. The nurse inserts a urinary catheter and observes dark amber urine output. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A fluid bolus is the first step in stabilizing a client with hypovolemic symptoms.

Question 2 of 5

An older client is admitted to the intensive care unit unconscious after several days of vomiting and diarrhea. The nurse inserts a urinary catheter and observes dark amber urine output. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A fluid bolus is the first step in stabilizing a client with hypovolemic symptoms.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse has been teaching a client with congestive heart failure about proper nutrition. The selection of which lunch indicates the client has learned about sodium restriction?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The selection of a sliced turkey sandwich and canned pineapple shows an understanding of sodium restriction.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which intervention is most important to promote effective breathing?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Diaphragmatic breathing helps improve lung expansion and oxygen exchange, promoting more effective breathing in clients with COPD. Increasing oxygen flow rate is not always appropriate and can worsen hypercapnia in these clients.

Question 5 of 5

A teenager presents to the emergency department with palpitations after vaping at a party. The client is anxious, fearful, and hyperventilating. Which acid-base imbalance does the nurse anticipate the client developing?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hyperventilation from anxiety or fear causes an excessive loss of CO2, leading to respiratory alkalosis. This shift in pH results from the rapid, shallow breathing that reduces the level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Respiratory acidosis would occur in cases of poor ventilation or CO2 retention, while metabolic acidosis/alkalosis relates to disturbances in bicarbonate, not breathing patterns.

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A teenager presents to the emergency department with palpitations after vaping at a party. The client is anxious, fearful, and hyperventilating. Which acid-base imbalance does the nurse anticipate the client developing?
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