HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occipital lobe. This part of the brain is located at the most posterior position, towards the back of the head. It primarily processes visual information. The frontal lobe (A) is at the front of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions. The parietal lobe (B) is located towards the top of the brain, involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness. The temporal lobe (C) is situated on the sides of the brain, associated with auditory processing and memory. Thus, the occipital lobe is the most posterior part of the brain, making it the correct answer in this case.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Answer C is correct because anatomically, the hip is closer to the body's midline than the knee. Proximal refers to a position closer to the point of attachment or origin, which in this case is the body. The hip joint connects the thigh bone to the pelvis, and it is closer to the body's midline compared to the knee joint, which is further down the leg. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: The knee is actually proximal to the ankle. Distal means further away from the point of attachment or origin, so the ankle is distal to the knee. B: The heart is superior to the diaphragm. The heart is located above the diaphragm in the thoracic cavity. D: The wrist is distal to the elbow. The wrist is further away from the point of attachment (the body) compared to the elbow.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: lymphatic system. The spleen is a key organ in the lymphatic system, responsible for filtering blood, removing old or damaged red blood cells, and producing white blood cells. It plays a crucial role in the immune system. Incorrect choices: A: nervous system - The spleen is not part of the nervous system; it is not involved in transmitting nerve impulses. B: integumentary system - The spleen is not part of the integumentary system, which includes skin, hair, and nails. D: urinary system - The spleen is not part of the urinary system, which includes kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The corpus callosum connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, facilitating communication between them. This allows for integration of sensory information and coordination of cognitive functions. Choice A is correct as it accurately describes the function of the corpus callosum. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not involve the specific brain structures connected by the corpus callosum. Option B refers to different body systems, Option C involves the brain and spinal cord, and Option D mentions specific brain regions not directly connected by the corpus callosum.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Copper. Copper is essential for the formation of red blood cells as it is a component of enzymes involved in iron metabolism, which is crucial for hemoglobin production. Selenium, calcium, and magnesium do not play a direct role in red blood cell formation. Selenium is important for antioxidant functions, calcium is crucial for bone health, and magnesium is involved in various metabolic processes but not specifically in red blood cell formation. Therefore, copper is the correct answer as it directly contributes to the production of red blood cells.