HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occipital lobe. This part of the brain is located at the most posterior position, towards the back of the head. It primarily processes visual information. The frontal lobe (A) is at the front of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions. The parietal lobe (B) is located towards the top of the brain, involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness. The temporal lobe (C) is situated on the sides of the brain, associated with auditory processing and memory. Thus, the occipital lobe is the most posterior part of the brain, making it the correct answer in this case.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epithelial tissue. This is because the characteristics described match those of epithelial tissue, which lines surfaces and cavities in the body. The location on the internal surface of the stomach and the tall, thin cells indicate epithelial tissue. The absence of extracellular matrix and blood vessels also align with epithelial tissue characteristics. Connective tissue has extracellular matrix, cartilage is a specialized type of connective tissue, and nervous tissue contains nerve cells and supportive cells, which do not fit the given characteristics.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Diaphysis. The diaphysis refers to the middle region of a long bone, such as the humerus. In this case, the orthopedic surgeon is describing the part of the bone where the break has occurred. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Epiphysis is the end of a long bone, not the middle region. B: Articular cartilage is the smooth, slippery surface covering the ends of bones in a joint, not the middle region. C: Perichondrium is the connective tissue surrounding cartilage, not the middle region.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Amylase is an enzyme that specifically targets starch, breaking it down into simpler sugars like maltose. This process occurs in the mouth and small intestine, aiding in carbohydrate digestion. Amylase does not digest fat (choice B) or protein (choice C), which are broken down by lipase and protease enzymes, respectively. Amylase also does not directly absorb water (choice D), as its main role is in starch digestion. Therefore, the correct answer is A, breaking down starch.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The skeletal system. The skeletal system stores minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, in the bones. These minerals help maintain bone density and strength. The endocrine system (B) regulates hormone production, the lymphatic system (C) helps with immune function, and the cardiovascular system (D) transports nutrients and oxygen. However, the primary function of storing minerals is carried out by the skeletal system due to its composition of bones.