HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occipital lobe. This part of the brain is located at the most posterior position, towards the back of the head. It primarily processes visual information. The frontal lobe (A) is at the front of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions. The parietal lobe (B) is located towards the top of the brain, involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness. The temporal lobe (C) is situated on the sides of the brain, associated with auditory processing and memory. Thus, the occipital lobe is the most posterior part of the brain, making it the correct answer in this case.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: veins. Veins have the lowest blood pressure among the structures listed. This is because veins carry blood back to the heart from the body, and by the time blood reaches the veins, it has already passed through the arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins, losing pressure along the way. Arteries (choice A) have high pressure to deliver blood away from the heart, arterioles (choice B) regulate blood flow, and venules (choice C) connect capillaries to veins. Veins have thin walls and are more compliant, allowing them to carry blood at a lower pressure back to the heart.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The skeletal system. The skeletal system stores minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, in the bones. These minerals help maintain bone density and strength. The endocrine system (B) regulates hormone production, the lymphatic system (C) helps with immune function, and the cardiovascular system (D) transports nutrients and oxygen. However, the primary function of storing minerals is carried out by the skeletal system due to its composition of bones.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epithelial tissue. This is because the characteristics described match those of epithelial tissue, which lines surfaces and cavities in the body. The location on the internal surface of the stomach and the tall, thin cells indicate epithelial tissue. The absence of extracellular matrix and blood vessels also align with epithelial tissue characteristics. Connective tissue has extracellular matrix, cartilage is a specialized type of connective tissue, and nervous tissue contains nerve cells and supportive cells, which do not fit the given characteristics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: lymphatic system. The spleen is a key organ in the lymphatic system, responsible for filtering blood, removing old or damaged red blood cells, and producing white blood cells. It plays a crucial role in the immune system. Incorrect choices: A: nervous system - The spleen is not part of the nervous system; it is not involved in transmitting nerve impulses. B: integumentary system - The spleen is not part of the integumentary system, which includes skin, hair, and nails. D: urinary system - The spleen is not part of the urinary system, which includes kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.