HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occipital lobe. This part of the brain is located at the most posterior position, towards the back of the head. It primarily processes visual information. The frontal lobe (A) is at the front of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions. The parietal lobe (B) is located towards the top of the brain, involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness. The temporal lobe (C) is situated on the sides of the brain, associated with auditory processing and memory. Thus, the occipital lobe is the most posterior part of the brain, making it the correct answer in this case.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: lymphatic system. The spleen is a key organ in the lymphatic system, responsible for filtering blood, removing old or damaged red blood cells, and producing white blood cells. It plays a crucial role in the immune system. Incorrect choices: A: nervous system - The spleen is not part of the nervous system; it is not involved in transmitting nerve impulses. B: integumentary system - The spleen is not part of the integumentary system, which includes skin, hair, and nails. D: urinary system - The spleen is not part of the urinary system, which includes kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: posterior. The dorsal body cavity is located on the back side of the body, opposite the ventral body cavity which is on the front side. Therefore, the dorsal body cavity is posterior to the ventral body cavity in anatomical position. Choice A (medial) refers to being closer to the midline, not the relationship between dorsal and ventral cavities. Choice B (deep) refers to being further from the surface, not the relative position of the dorsal and ventral cavities. Choice D (anterior) refers to being in front, which is the opposite direction of the dorsal body cavity in relation to the ventral body cavity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Exocytosis is the process where the cell releases substances outside by fusing vesicles with the plasma membrane. This is the correct answer as it accurately describes the mechanism of exocytosis. The other choices are incorrect because: A. Describes endocytosis, not exocytosis. C. Describes pinocytosis, not exocytosis. D. Describes phagocytosis, not exocytosis. Therefore, the correct answer is B as it specifically relates to the process of exocytosis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cardiovascular system. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. The cardiovascular system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Arteries play a crucial role in this system by facilitating the circulation of blood. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Nervous system - Arteries are not a part of the nervous system, which primarily consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. B: Endocrine system - Arteries are not directly involved in the endocrine system, which is responsible for hormone production and regulation. C: Lymphatic system - Arteries are not part of the lymphatic system, which includes lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, and lymph fluid.