HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occipital lobe. This part of the brain is located at the most posterior position, towards the back of the head. It primarily processes visual information. The frontal lobe (A) is at the front of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions. The parietal lobe (B) is located towards the top of the brain, involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness. The temporal lobe (C) is situated on the sides of the brain, associated with auditory processing and memory. Thus, the occipital lobe is the most posterior part of the brain, making it the correct answer in this case.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The skeletal system. The skeletal system stores minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, in the bones. These minerals help maintain bone density and strength. The endocrine system (B) regulates hormone production, the lymphatic system (C) helps with immune function, and the cardiovascular system (D) transports nutrients and oxygen. However, the primary function of storing minerals is carried out by the skeletal system due to its composition of bones.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the endocrine system produces hormones that regulate sexual function in the reproductive system. These hormones control processes like puberty, menstrual cycles, sperm production, and ovulation. Choice A is incorrect as nutrient transformation is not a primary function of the reproductive system. Choice B is incorrect because the sex of the embryo is determined by genetic factors, not the endocrine system. Choice C is incorrect as the growth of secondary sex organs is mainly controlled by hormones produced by the endocrine system, not the reproductive system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Copper. Copper is essential for the formation of red blood cells as it is a component of enzymes involved in iron metabolism, which is crucial for hemoglobin production. Selenium, calcium, and magnesium do not play a direct role in red blood cell formation. Selenium is important for antioxidant functions, calcium is crucial for bone health, and magnesium is involved in various metabolic processes but not specifically in red blood cell formation. Therefore, copper is the correct answer as it directly contributes to the production of red blood cells.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Into upper and lower regions. A transverse section divides the body horizontally into upper and lower portions. This is known as the transverse plane, which runs perpendicular to the long axis of the body. It separates the body into distinct upper (superior) and lower (inferior) sections. Choice A is incorrect because dividing the body into right and left regions is typically done through a sagittal section. Choice C is incorrect as dividing the body into front and back regions is achieved through a frontal or coronal section. Choice D is incorrect because the dorsal and ventral cavities are divided by a midsagittal section, not a transverse section.