HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system. The skin, part of the integumentary system, contains sensory receptors that detect touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. When these receptors are stimulated, they send signals to the brain via the nervous system, allowing us to perceive and respond to various stimuli. This interaction is crucial for our ability to sense and navigate our environment. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the integumentary system does not specifically remove heat from neurons, circulate nutrients outward, or have messages from the nervous system affecting the color and texture of the skin. These functions are not primary interactions between the integumentary system and the nervous system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occipital lobe. This part of the brain is located at the most posterior position, towards the back of the head. It primarily processes visual information. The frontal lobe (A) is at the front of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions. The parietal lobe (B) is located towards the top of the brain, involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness. The temporal lobe (C) is situated on the sides of the brain, associated with auditory processing and memory. Thus, the occipital lobe is the most posterior part of the brain, making it the correct answer in this case.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cardiovascular system. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. The cardiovascular system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Arteries play a crucial role in this system by facilitating the circulation of blood. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Nervous system - Arteries are not a part of the nervous system, which primarily consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. B: Endocrine system - Arteries are not directly involved in the endocrine system, which is responsible for hormone production and regulation. C: Lymphatic system - Arteries are not part of the lymphatic system, which includes lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, and lymph fluid.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The corpus callosum connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, facilitating communication between them. This allows for integration of sensory information and coordination of cognitive functions. Choice A is correct as it accurately describes the function of the corpus callosum. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not involve the specific brain structures connected by the corpus callosum. Option B refers to different body systems, Option C involves the brain and spinal cord, and Option D mentions specific brain regions not directly connected by the corpus callosum.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Into upper and lower regions. A transverse section divides the body horizontally into upper and lower portions. This is known as the transverse plane, which runs perpendicular to the long axis of the body. It separates the body into distinct upper (superior) and lower (inferior) sections. Choice A is incorrect because dividing the body into right and left regions is typically done through a sagittal section. Choice C is incorrect as dividing the body into front and back regions is achieved through a frontal or coronal section. Choice D is incorrect because the dorsal and ventral cavities are divided by a midsagittal section, not a transverse section.