HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system. The skin, part of the integumentary system, contains sensory receptors that detect touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. When these receptors are stimulated, they send signals to the brain via the nervous system, allowing us to perceive and respond to various stimuli. This interaction is crucial for our ability to sense and navigate our environment. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the integumentary system does not specifically remove heat from neurons, circulate nutrients outward, or have messages from the nervous system affecting the color and texture of the skin. These functions are not primary interactions between the integumentary system and the nervous system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occipital lobe. This part of the brain is located at the most posterior position, towards the back of the head. It primarily processes visual information. The frontal lobe (A) is at the front of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions. The parietal lobe (B) is located towards the top of the brain, involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness. The temporal lobe (C) is situated on the sides of the brain, associated with auditory processing and memory. Thus, the occipital lobe is the most posterior part of the brain, making it the correct answer in this case.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: thiamine. Beriberi is a disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine, also known as vitamin B1. Thiamine plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and nerve function. Without enough thiamine, the body cannot produce sufficient energy, leading to symptoms like muscle weakness, nerve damage, and heart problems. Choice B (vitamin C) is incorrect because vitamin C deficiency leads to scurvy, not beriberi. Choice C (niacin) deficiency causes pellagra, not beriberi. Choice D (protein) deficiency can lead to various health issues, but it is not directly related to beriberi.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The skeletal system. The skeletal system stores minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, in the bones. These minerals help maintain bone density and strength. The endocrine system (B) regulates hormone production, the lymphatic system (C) helps with immune function, and the cardiovascular system (D) transports nutrients and oxygen. However, the primary function of storing minerals is carried out by the skeletal system due to its composition of bones.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (70 or higher) because high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is considered "good" cholesterol that helps remove other forms of cholesterol from the bloodstream. HDL levels of 70 or higher are associated with a lower risk of heart disease. Regular testing of HDL levels is recommended to monitor cardiovascular health. Choice B (60) is not as optimal as 70 or higher. Choices C (50) and D (40) are even lower and would indicate a higher risk of heart disease. Regular testing is crucial to track changes in HDL levels for early intervention if needed.