Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transporting oxygen. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen in the lungs and carries it to tissues throughout the body. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production. The other choices are incorrect because hemoglobin does not primarily function in carrying nutrients, clotting blood, or removing carbon dioxide from the blood. Transporting oxygen is the main and crucial role of hemoglobin in the blood.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease to break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins respectively. These enzymes are crucial for proper digestion in the small intestine. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the pancreas does not store bile (liver does), absorb nutrients (small intestine does), or transport glucose (insulin from pancreas regulates blood glucose levels).

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption in the intestines by promoting the production of proteins that transport calcium. Without sufficient Vitamin D, the body cannot effectively absorb calcium, leading to potential bone and muscle weakness. Choice A: Vitamin A is not directly involved in calcium absorption. Choice B: Vitamin C is important for collagen synthesis and immune function but does not play a significant role in calcium absorption. Choice D: Vitamin K is primarily involved in blood clotting and bone health but does not directly affect calcium absorption.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To absorb oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. The main function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of gases, where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is expelled. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production in the body. Choices A and D are incorrect because nutrient transportation and energy production are primarily carried out by the circulatory and digestive systems. Choice B is incorrect as regulating body temperature is mainly controlled by the integumentary system and thermoregulation mechanisms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To filter waste from the blood. The kidneys function to filter waste products, excess fluids, and electrolytes from the blood to form urine. This process helps maintain the body's internal environment and remove harmful substances. Choice B is incorrect because urine is the end product of the kidney's filtration process, not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because while the kidneys do play a role in regulating blood pressure, it is not their primary function. Choice D is incorrect because the kidneys primarily excrete waste rather than absorb nutrients.