Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Appendix. The appendix is a small organ located near the junction of the small and large intestines. It plays a role in the immune system by harboring beneficial gut bacteria and promoting immune function. The heart (A), bronchi (B), and esophagus (D) are not directly involved in the immune system. The heart is responsible for pumping blood, bronchi are part of the respiratory system, and the esophagus is involved in digestion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To produce hormones. Adrenal glands are responsible for producing important hormones such as cortisol, adrenaline, and aldosterone. These hormones play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, immune response, and stress levels. Choice A is incorrect because blood sugar regulation is primarily controlled by the pancreas. Choice C is incorrect as the production of red blood cells occurs in the bone marrow. Choice D is incorrect as the filtering of blood is mainly carried out by the kidneys.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the lymphatic system is to remove carbon dioxide from the body. Lymphatic vessels collect excess fluid and waste products from tissues and transport them back to the bloodstream for elimination. This process helps maintain fluid balance and removes metabolic waste. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Transporting oxygen to cells is primarily done by the circulatory system. C: Hormone production is mainly regulated by the endocrine system. D: Nutrient transport is primarily the role of the digestive system and the circulatory system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Absorbing nutrients. The small intestine is where the majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the digestive system. Its long and highly folded structure provides a large surface area for nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. This process is essential for the body to obtain the necessary vitamins, minerals, proteins, and other nutrients from food. Breaking down fats (choice A) primarily occurs in the small intestine but is not its primary function. Secreting digestive enzymes (choice C) is the role of the pancreas and liver, while storing bile (choice D) is the function of the gallbladder.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the integumentary system is to protect the body from external damage. The skin acts as a physical barrier against harmful substances, UV radiation, and pathogens. It also helps regulate body temperature through sweat production and insulation. Vitamin D production occurs in the skin but is not the primary function. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, not in the integumentary system.