Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Appendix. The appendix is a small organ located near the junction of the small and large intestines. It plays a role in the immune system by harboring beneficial gut bacteria and promoting immune function. The heart (A), bronchi (B), and esophagus (D) are not directly involved in the immune system. The heart is responsible for pumping blood, bronchi are part of the respiratory system, and the esophagus is involved in digestion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the lymphatic system is to remove carbon dioxide from the body. Lymphatic vessels collect excess fluid and waste products from tissues and transport them back to the bloodstream for elimination. This process helps maintain fluid balance and removes metabolic waste. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Transporting oxygen to cells is primarily done by the circulatory system. C: Hormone production is mainly regulated by the endocrine system. D: Nutrient transport is primarily the role of the digestive system and the circulatory system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The main function of the endocrine system is to regulate body functions through hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream to target organs and tissues, influencing processes such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Choice A (To fight infections) is incorrect because the immune system is primarily responsible for fighting infections. Choice C (To produce red blood cells) is incorrect as the production of red blood cells is primarily controlled by the hormone erythropoietin, which is produced by the kidneys. Choice D (To transport oxygen) is incorrect as the transportation of oxygen is mainly carried out by the respiratory and circulatory systems, not the endocrine system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To store and concentrate bile. The gallbladder's main role is to store bile produced by the liver and concentrate it, releasing it into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Bile helps emulsify fats to facilitate their breakdown by enzymes. Choice A is incorrect because the liver produces bile, not the gallbladder. Choice C is incorrect as the breaking down of fats is primarily done by enzymes in the small intestine. Choice D is incorrect as the gallbladder does not secrete digestive enzymes; it stores and releases bile.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neuroglia. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons, which are responsible for transmitting electrical signals, and neuroglia, which are supportive cells that provide structure and nutrients to neurons. Osteoblasts (A) are bone-forming cells, osteocytes (C) are mature bone cells, and arterioles (D) are small blood vessels. Neuroglia are crucial for the proper functioning of neurons, making them the correct choice in this context.