Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To produce hormones. Adrenal glands are responsible for producing important hormones such as cortisol, adrenaline, and aldosterone. These hormones play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, immune response, and stress levels. Choice A is incorrect because blood sugar regulation is primarily controlled by the pancreas. Choice C is incorrect as the production of red blood cells occurs in the bone marrow. Choice D is incorrect as the filtering of blood is mainly carried out by the kidneys.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the digestive system is to break down food through mechanical and chemical processes, and absorb nutrients for the body's energy and growth. This process involves enzymes, acids, and various organs like the stomach and intestines. Option A is incorrect as oxygen transportation is primarily done by the respiratory system. Option C is incorrect as hormone production is mainly regulated by the endocrine system. Option D is incorrect as blood transportation is the role of the circulatory system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To filter waste from the blood. The kidneys function to filter waste products, excess fluids, and electrolytes from the blood to form urine. This process helps maintain the body's internal environment and remove harmful substances. Choice B is incorrect because urine is the end product of the kidney's filtration process, not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because while the kidneys do play a role in regulating blood pressure, it is not their primary function. Choice D is incorrect because the kidneys primarily excrete waste rather than absorb nutrients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Small intestine. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing nutrients from the food we eat. It has specialized structures called villi that increase the surface area for absorption. The stomach (A) primarily helps in digestion, the large intestine (C) absorbs water and salts, and the esophagus (D) is a tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Therefore, the small intestine is the correct choice for absorbing nutrients in the digestive system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the integumentary system is to protect the body from external damage. The skin acts as a physical barrier against harmful substances, UV radiation, and pathogens. It also helps regulate body temperature through sweat production and insulation. Vitamin D production occurs in the skin but is not the primary function. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, not in the integumentary system.