Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To store and concentrate bile. The gallbladder's main role is to store bile produced by the liver and concentrate it, releasing it into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Bile helps emulsify fats to facilitate their breakdown by enzymes. Choice A is incorrect because the liver produces bile, not the gallbladder. Choice C is incorrect as the breaking down of fats is primarily done by enzymes in the small intestine. Choice D is incorrect as the gallbladder does not secrete digestive enzymes; it stores and releases bile.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Heart. The heart is not a component of the central nervous system (CNS) as it is part of the cardiovascular system. The CNS consists of the brain, spinal cord, and retina. The brain controls cognitive functions, the spinal cord transmits nerve signals, and the retina is a part of the visual system. Choice B is incorrect as the heart's function is to pump blood and is not involved in CNS functions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To filter waste from the blood. The kidneys act as filters, removing waste products and excess substances from the blood to form urine. This process helps maintain a balance of electrolytes and fluids in the body. Option B is incorrect because the kidneys do not produce urine from scratch; they filter blood to create urine. Option C is incorrect as the kidneys do play a role in regulating blood pressure, but it is not their primary function. Option D is also incorrect because while the kidneys do help maintain fluid balance, their primary function is waste filtration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To filter waste from the blood. The kidneys function to filter waste products, excess fluids, and electrolytes from the blood to form urine. This process helps maintain the body's internal environment and remove harmful substances. Choice B is incorrect because urine is the end product of the kidney's filtration process, not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because while the kidneys do play a role in regulating blood pressure, it is not their primary function. Choice D is incorrect because the kidneys primarily excrete waste rather than absorb nutrients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To absorb nutrients. The small intestine plays a crucial role in absorbing nutrients from digested food. It is lined with villi that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption. Other choices are incorrect as the small intestine does not store bile (A), its main role is not to digest food as that is primarily done in the stomach (C), and while it does produce some enzymes, its primary function is not enzyme production (D).