Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Platelets play a crucial role in blood clotting. When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets adhere to the site to form a plug to stop bleeding. This process is essential for wound healing and preventing excessive blood loss. Platelets do not transport oxygen (A), fight infection (C), or transport nutrients (D). Oxygen is carried by red blood cells, immune cells fight infection, and nutrients are transported by plasma and other blood components.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transporting oxygen. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen in the lungs and carries it to tissues throughout the body. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production. The other choices are incorrect because hemoglobin does not primarily function in carrying nutrients, clotting blood, or removing carbon dioxide from the blood. Transporting oxygen is the main and crucial role of hemoglobin in the blood.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Heart. The heart is not a component of the central nervous system (CNS) as it is part of the cardiovascular system. The CNS consists of the brain, spinal cord, and retina. The brain controls cognitive functions, the spinal cord transmits nerve signals, and the retina is a part of the visual system. Choice B is incorrect as the heart's function is to pump blood and is not involved in CNS functions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the respiratory system is to transport oxygen to the cells. Oxygen is crucial for cellular respiration, which produces energy for the body. The respiratory system accomplishes this through breathing, where oxygen is inhaled and transported via the bloodstream to cells. Removing carbon dioxide (choice A) is an important secondary function. Delivering nutrients (choice C) is the role of the circulatory system. Creating sound and speech (choice D) is the function of the larynx and vocal cords, not the entire respiratory system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To filter waste from the blood. The kidneys function to filter waste products, excess fluids, and electrolytes from the blood to form urine. This process helps maintain the body's internal environment and remove harmful substances. Choice B is incorrect because urine is the end product of the kidney's filtration process, not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because while the kidneys do play a role in regulating blood pressure, it is not their primary function. Choice D is incorrect because the kidneys primarily excrete waste rather than absorb nutrients.