Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Platelets play a crucial role in blood clotting. When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets adhere to the site to form a plug to stop bleeding. This process is essential for wound healing and preventing excessive blood loss. Platelets do not transport oxygen (A), fight infection (C), or transport nutrients (D). Oxygen is carried by red blood cells, immune cells fight infection, and nutrients are transported by plasma and other blood components.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To protect internal organs and provide support. The skeletal system consists of bones that serve as the framework of the body, supporting and protecting internal organs. Bones also provide structure for muscles to attach to, enabling movement. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the skeletal system does not produce red blood cells (that's the function of the bone marrow), regulate body temperature (that's the role of the skin and hypothalamus), or store calcium (bones do store calcium, but it's not the main function of the skeletal system).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To store and concentrate bile. The gallbladder's main role is to store bile produced by the liver and concentrate it, releasing it into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Bile helps emulsify fats to facilitate their breakdown by enzymes. Choice A is incorrect because the liver produces bile, not the gallbladder. Choice C is incorrect as the breaking down of fats is primarily done by enzymes in the small intestine. Choice D is incorrect as the gallbladder does not secrete digestive enzymes; it stores and releases bile.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pharynx. The pharynx is a structure found in the upper respiratory tract, specifically connecting the nasal cavity and the larynx. It serves as a passage for air and food. The larynx (A) is also part of the upper respiratory tract, housing the vocal cords. The esophagus (C) is part of the digestive system, not the respiratory tract. The trachea (D) is located below the larynx and is considered part of the lower respiratory tract. Therefore, the pharynx is the correct choice for a structure found in the upper respiratory tract.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Vitamin C is the correct answer as it enhances the absorption of non-heme iron found in plant-based foods. It forms a strong bond with iron, making it easier for the body to absorb. Vitamin D helps with calcium absorption, Vitamin K is crucial for blood clotting, and Vitamin B12 is important for nerve function and red blood cell production. However, they do not directly assist in iron absorption like Vitamin C does.