Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the respiratory system is to transport oxygen to the cells. Oxygen is crucial for cellular respiration, which produces energy for the body. The respiratory system accomplishes this through breathing, where oxygen is inhaled and transported via the bloodstream to cells. Removing carbon dioxide (choice A) is an important secondary function. Delivering nutrients (choice C) is the role of the circulatory system. Creating sound and speech (choice D) is the function of the larynx and vocal cords, not the entire respiratory system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lens. The lens in the eye is responsible for focusing light on the retina by changing its shape to adjust the focal point. The cornea (A) helps to initially focus light but does not have the ability to adjust focus. The retina (C) is the light-sensitive layer that receives focused light, not the structure that focuses light. The pupil (D) regulates the amount of light entering the eye but does not focus light on the retina.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To break down food. The primary role of the stomach is to mechanically and chemically break down food into smaller particles through the action of stomach acid and enzymes. This process prepares the food for further digestion in the small intestine. Incorrect choices: A: To absorb nutrients - This is not the primary role of the stomach. Nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine. C: To secrete digestive enzymes - While the stomach does secrete digestive enzymes, its primary role is not just to secrete them but to use them to break down food. D: To store glucose - The stomach does not store glucose. Glucose storage primarily occurs in the liver and muscles.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary role of hemoglobin in red blood cells is to carry oxygen. Hemoglobin binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body. This is essential for cellular respiration and energy production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because hemoglobin's main function is oxygen transport, not carrying nutrients, carbon dioxide, or waste products. Oxygen transport is crucial for the body's overall function and survival.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To absorb oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. The main function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of gases, where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is expelled. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production in the body. Choices A and D are incorrect because nutrient transportation and energy production are primarily carried out by the circulatory and digestive systems. Choice B is incorrect as regulating body temperature is mainly controlled by the integumentary system and thermoregulation mechanisms.