Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the respiratory system is to transport oxygen to the cells. Oxygen is crucial for cellular respiration, which produces energy for the body. The respiratory system accomplishes this through breathing, where oxygen is inhaled and transported via the bloodstream to cells. Removing carbon dioxide (choice A) is an important secondary function. Delivering nutrients (choice C) is the role of the circulatory system. Creating sound and speech (choice D) is the function of the larynx and vocal cords, not the entire respiratory system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is A: Pineal gland. The pineal gland is responsible for producing melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. The other choices, B: Thyroid gland, C: Adrenal gland, and D: Pituitary gland, do not produce melatonin. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, the adrenal gland produces hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, and the pituitary gland produces various hormones that control other glands in the endocrine system. Therefore, the pineal gland is the correct answer as it is specifically associated with melatonin production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To store and concentrate bile. The gallbladder's main role is to store bile produced by the liver and concentrate it, releasing it into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Bile helps emulsify fats to facilitate their breakdown by enzymes. Choice A is incorrect because the liver produces bile, not the gallbladder. Choice C is incorrect as the breaking down of fats is primarily done by enzymes in the small intestine. Choice D is incorrect as the gallbladder does not secrete digestive enzymes; it stores and releases bile.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To protect the body from external damage. The skin acts as a physical barrier, preventing harmful substances from entering the body and protecting internal organs. It also helps regulate body temperature to some extent, but that is not its primary function. The skin does not produce vitamin D; this is mainly done by the liver and kidneys. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, not the skin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To produce bile. The liver's primary function in the digestive system is to produce bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. B is incorrect because the liver does not secrete digestive enzymes; that is primarily the role of the pancreas. C is incorrect as the liver does not store glucose; it helps regulate blood glucose levels. D is incorrect because the liver does not store bile; instead, bile is stored in the gallbladder.