Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To absorb nutrients. The small intestine plays a crucial role in absorbing nutrients from digested food. It is lined with villi that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption. Other choices are incorrect as the small intestine does not store bile (A), its main role is not to digest food as that is primarily done in the stomach (C), and while it does produce some enzymes, its primary function is not enzyme production (D).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pharynx. The pharynx is a structure in the upper respiratory tract that connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and esophagus. It serves as a passageway for both air and food. The other choices, B: Larynx, C: Trachea, and D: Esophagus, are all structures found in the lower respiratory tract or digestive system. The larynx is commonly known as the voice box, the trachea is the windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi, and the esophagus is part of the digestive system that connects the throat to the stomach. Therefore, the pharynx is the correct answer as it specifically belongs to the upper respiratory tract.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To transmit signals and coordinate body activities. The nervous system is responsible for sending and receiving signals throughout the body to regulate various functions and coordinate activities. This includes sensory perception, motor responses, and communication between different parts of the body. The other choices are incorrect because the immune system (B) fights infections, the endocrine system (C) produces hormones, and the thermoregulatory system (D) regulates body temperature, which are functions separate from the primary role of the nervous system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease to break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins respectively. These enzymes are crucial for proper digestion in the small intestine. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the pancreas does not store bile (liver does), absorb nutrients (small intestine does), or transport glucose (insulin from pancreas regulates blood glucose levels).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To filter waste from the blood. The kidneys function to filter waste products, excess fluids, and electrolytes from the blood to form urine. This process helps maintain the body's internal environment and remove harmful substances. Choice B is incorrect because urine is the end product of the kidney's filtration process, not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because while the kidneys do play a role in regulating blood pressure, it is not their primary function. Choice D is incorrect because the kidneys primarily excrete waste rather than absorb nutrients.