Anatomy and Physiology Hesi A2 Practice Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscles are under voluntary control because they are attached to bones and allow conscious movement. The other choices are incorrect because smooth muscle (A) controls involuntary functions like digestion, cardiac muscle (B) controls the heart's contractions involuntarily, and striated muscle (D) is a general term that can refer to both cardiac and skeletal muscle, but skeletal muscle is the specific type under voluntary control.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The ulnar nerve supplies sensation to the little finger and half of the ring finger, as well as the corresponding part of the palm. Damage to the ulnar nerve would result in decreased sensation in the hand, specifically in the mentioned areas. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the ulnar nerve does not innervate the arm, leg, or foot, respectively. This is why option A is the most appropriate answer based on the nerve's anatomy and distribution of sensory input.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Parietal lobe. The parietal lobe is primarily responsible for processing sensory information related to touch, temperature, and body position. It contains the somatosensory cortex, which receives and interprets sensory information from the skin, muscles, and joints. This area helps us perceive and understand tactile sensations, temperature variations, and proprioception. The frontal lobe is more involved in higher-order cognitive functions and motor control. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information, and the temporal lobe is involved in auditory processing and memory. Therefore, the parietal lobe is the most appropriate choice for processing sensory information related to touch, temperature, and body position.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cochlea. The cochlea is responsible for hearing as it contains the hair cells that convert sound vibrations into electrical signals sent to the brain. Semicircular canals are responsible for balance, ossicles transmit sound waves, and the Eustachian tube regulates air pressure in the ear. Cochlea is the only structure directly involved in the process of hearing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscles are under voluntary control because they are attached to bones and allow conscious movement. The other choices are incorrect because smooth muscle (A) controls involuntary functions like digestion, cardiac muscle (B) controls the heart's contractions involuntarily, and striated muscle (D) is a general term that can refer to both cardiac and skeletal muscle, but skeletal muscle is the specific type under voluntary control.