HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The upper respiratory tract consists of the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli are all part of the lower respiratory tract, involved in gas exchange within the lungs. Therefore, none of the above options are part of the upper respiratory tract. The correct answer is D.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The upper respiratory tract consists of the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli are all part of the lower respiratory tract, involved in gas exchange within the lungs. Therefore, none of the above options are part of the upper respiratory tract. The correct answer is D.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The nose. The nose is an anterior feature of the human head as it is located at the front of the face. The nose plays a crucial role in breathing and smelling. B: The ears are located on the sides of the head, not at the front, making it an incorrect choice. C: The occipital lobe is a part of the brain located at the back of the head, not the front, making it an incorrect choice. D: The temporal lobe is also a part of the brain located on the sides of the head, not the front, making it an incorrect choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: TRH. The pituitary gland does not produce thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH); it is actually produced by the hypothalamus. This hormone regulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland. Choices A, C, and D (FSH, LH, and ADH) are all hormones produced by the pituitary gland, making them incorrect options.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Adrenal. The adrenal gland is located superior to the kidney in the human body. The adrenal glands are endocrine glands that sit on top of each kidney. They are responsible for producing hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. The other choices (A: Pituitary, C: Hypothalamus, D: Pancreas) are not located superior to the kidney. The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain, the hypothalamus is located above the pituitary gland, and the pancreas is located in the abdomen behind the stomach.