HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tofu. Tofu, made from soybeans, is a complete protein source, providing all essential amino acids needed by the body. It is a significant protein source for individuals on a vegan diet. Eggs (A) and fish (B) are animal products and not suitable for a vegan diet. Leafy greens (D) are not a significant source of protein compared to tofu and may not provide enough protein for a person following a vegan diet.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: frontal. The coronal plane divides the body into front and back portions. The term "frontal" refers to the front of the body, making it the most appropriate descriptor for this plane. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions. B: Median plane is another term for the sagittal plane. D: Axial plane is not a commonly used term in anatomical terminology.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frontal lobe. The frontal lobe is responsible for speech production as it houses the Broca's area, which is crucial for language processing and speech production. Lesions in the frontal lobe can lead to expressive aphasia. The parietal lobe (B) is more involved in processing sensory information and spatial awareness. The temporal lobe (C) is important for auditory processing and memory. The occipital lobe (D) is primarily responsible for visual processing. Therefore, the frontal lobe is the correct choice for speech production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: nervous system. The retinas belong to the nervous system as they are part of the sensory organs responsible for receiving and processing visual information. The retinas contain photoreceptor cells that convert light into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve for interpretation. The skeletal system (A) is responsible for providing support and protection for the body, the lymphatic system (C) is responsible for immune function and fluid balance, and the circulatory system (D) is responsible for transporting blood and nutrients throughout the body. Therefore, the retinas do not belong to these systems.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tendon and possibly ligament. In a rotator cuff tear, the structures that are typically torn are the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles, particularly the supraspinatus tendon. The rotator cuff is composed of muscles and tendons, not ligaments. While it is possible for some ligaments to be involved in severe cases, the primary structures affected are the tendons. Choice B is incorrect because muscles are not typically torn in a rotator cuff tear. Choice C is incorrect as ligaments are not the primary structures involved in a rotator cuff tear. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests that only the tendons are affected, whereas the tear commonly involves both tendons and possibly ligaments.