HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test 2023

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To absorb water and form solid waste. The large intestine's primary function is to absorb water and electrolytes from the indigestible food residue that enters it from the small intestine. This process helps in forming solid waste (feces) for elimination. The other choices are incorrect because B is the function of the pancreas and small intestine, C is the function of the endocrine system and not the large intestine, and D is the function of the small intestine where nutrient absorption mainly occurs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: four. The four main types of tissues in the human body are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues. Epithelial tissues cover and line body surfaces, connective tissues provide support and structure, muscle tissues allow movement, and nervous tissues transmit signals. The other choices are incorrect because there are not six, eight, or ten main types of tissues in the human body. These choices are not consistent with the widely accepted classification of tissues in human anatomy and physiology.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The small intestine's primary function is to absorb nutrients from digested food. It is lined with millions of tiny villi that increase its surface area for absorption. Digestive enzymes are produced by the pancreas and released into the small intestine, so A is incorrect. Breaking down food primarily occurs in the stomach, making C incorrect. Absorbing water mainly occurs in the large intestine, so D is incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is B as the small intestine is where the majority of nutrient absorption takes place.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Regulating body temperature. The nervous system plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis by controlling body temperature through signals to sweat glands and blood vessels. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because transporting blood is primarily done by the circulatory system, protecting the body from infection is the role of the immune system, and digesting food is the function of the digestive system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The main function of the large intestine is to absorb water from the undigested food material passing through it. This process helps in forming solid waste for excretion. Absorption of nutrients primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine (Choice A). The secretion of digestive enzymes mainly occurs in the stomach and small intestine, not the large intestine (Choice C). Breaking down fats is primarily the role of bile produced by the liver and released into the small intestine, not the large intestine (Choice D).