HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test 2023

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The main function of the large intestine is to absorb water from the undigested food material passing through it. This process helps in forming solid waste for excretion. Absorption of nutrients primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine (Choice A). The secretion of digestive enzymes mainly occurs in the stomach and small intestine, not the large intestine (Choice C). Breaking down fats is primarily the role of bile produced by the liver and released into the small intestine, not the large intestine (Choice D).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tendons. Tendons are fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones. They are strong and flexible, allowing for efficient transmission of muscle forces to bones during movement. Ligaments (B) attach bones to bones, not muscles. Cartilage (C) is a supportive tissue found in joints, not directly involved in muscle-bone attachment. Fascia (D) is a connective tissue that surrounds muscles, not specifically involved in muscle-bone attachment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, the Temporal lobe. This lobe is primarily responsible for auditory functioning as it houses the primary auditory cortex, which processes sound information. The Frontal lobe is more involved in higher cognitive functions like decision-making. The Occipital lobe is responsible for visual processing, not auditory. The Parietal lobe is involved in processing sensory information and spatial reasoning, not specifically related to auditory functions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urethra. The urethra is a structure that is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system. In males, the urethra serves as the passage for both urine and semen. It connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Bladder is solely part of the urinary system, storing urine. C: Prostate is an accessory gland in the male reproductive system, producing fluids for semen. D: Seminal Vesicle is also part of the male reproductive system, producing seminal fluid.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The small intestine's primary function is to absorb nutrients from digested food. It is lined with millions of tiny villi that increase its surface area for absorption. Digestive enzymes are produced by the pancreas and released into the small intestine, so A is incorrect. Breaking down food primarily occurs in the stomach, making C incorrect. Absorbing water mainly occurs in the large intestine, so D is incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is B as the small intestine is where the majority of nutrient absorption takes place.