Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To transport oxygen and nutrients. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. It is responsible for circulating oxygen and nutrients to all cells in the body and removing waste products. Oxygen and nutrients are essential for cell function and energy production. Regulating body temperature is primarily the function of the respiratory system and sweat glands, not the cardiovascular system. Fighting infections is the role of the immune system, not the cardiovascular system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To transmit signals and coordinate body activities. The nervous system is responsible for sending and receiving signals throughout the body to regulate various functions and coordinate activities. This includes sensory perception, motor responses, and communication between different parts of the body. The other choices are incorrect because the immune system (B) fights infections, the endocrine system (C) produces hormones, and the thermoregulatory system (D) regulates body temperature, which are functions separate from the primary role of the nervous system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is A: Pineal gland. The pineal gland is responsible for producing melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. The other choices, B: Thyroid gland, C: Adrenal gland, and D: Pituitary gland, do not produce melatonin. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, the adrenal gland produces hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, and the pituitary gland produces various hormones that control other glands in the endocrine system. Therefore, the pineal gland is the correct answer as it is specifically associated with melatonin production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To protect internal organs and provide support. The skeletal system consists of bones that serve as the framework of the body, supporting and protecting internal organs. Bones also provide structure for muscles to attach to, enabling movement. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the skeletal system does not produce red blood cells (that's the function of the bone marrow), regulate body temperature (that's the role of the skin and hypothalamus), or store calcium (bones do store calcium, but it's not the main function of the skeletal system).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pharynx. The pharynx is a structure found in the upper respiratory tract, specifically connecting the nasal cavity and the larynx. It serves as a passage for air and food. The larynx (A) is also part of the upper respiratory tract, housing the vocal cords. The esophagus (C) is part of the digestive system, not the respiratory tract. The trachea (D) is located below the larynx and is considered part of the lower respiratory tract. Therefore, the pharynx is the correct choice for a structure found in the upper respiratory tract.