Anatomy HESI A2

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Somatic. The femoral, radial, and ulnar nerves are all part of the peripheral nervous system, specifically the somatic nervous system. This system controls voluntary movements and sensory inputs. The other choices, Autonomic (B), Sympathetic (C), and Parasympathetic (D) are all part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary processes like heart rate and digestion. Therefore, the correct answer is A because the mentioned nerves are responsible for voluntary movement and sensation, fitting within the somatic nervous system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating milk production in the breasts during lactation. It is produced by the pituitary gland. Norepinephrine is not involved in milk production. Antidiuretic hormone regulates water balance. Oxytocin is responsible for milk ejection, not production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Iodine. Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones, which are crucial for regulating metabolism and growth. Without enough iodine, the thyroid gland cannot function properly, leading to conditions like hypothyroidism or goiter. A: Manganese does not directly support thyroid function. C: Phosphorus is important for bone health and energy metabolism but not specifically for thyroid function. D: Zinc is involved in various physiological processes, but it is not as critical for thyroid function as iodine. In summary, iodine is the correct answer because it is specifically required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, while the other choices do not play a direct role in supporting thyroid function.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vitamin. Vitamins are essential nutrients that do not provide energy directly. They help the body perform various functions but do not contain calories. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are macronutrients that provide energy. Carbohydrates and fats provide 4 calories per gram, while protein provides 4 calories per gram as well. Vitamins are essential for overall health and proper bodily functions, but they do not contribute to energy production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Quadriceps femoris. The quadriceps femoris is an anterior muscle of the thigh responsible for extending the knee joint. It consists of four muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. These muscles are located in the front of the thigh and play a crucial role in activities like walking, running, and jumping. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Gluteus maximus is a large muscle located in the buttocks, not the anterior thigh. C: Biceps femoris is a muscle located in the posterior thigh, not the anterior thigh. D: Adductor magnus is a muscle located on the inner thigh, not the anterior thigh.