HESI A2 Biology 2024

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blue. Blue light is essential for photosynthesis as it is absorbed by chlorophyll, the pigment that drives the process. Blue light helps in vegetative growth and overall plant development. Yellow, green, and orange lights are not as effective as they are not as readily absorbed by plants for photosynthesis. Yellow and green lights do not provide the necessary energy for plant growth, while orange light is less efficient in promoting photosynthesis compared to blue light. Therefore, blue light is the most effective choice for growing green plants indoors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cow. Cows are ruminant animals, meaning they have a complex digestive system that requires a lot of energy to break down cellulose from grass. This process is less energy-efficient compared to the digestive systems of other animals like caterpillars, coyotes, and crickets. Caterpillars have efficient digestion due to their specialized enzymes, coyotes are carnivores with more efficient nutrient absorption, and crickets have simpler digestive systems. Therefore, the cow would have the least energy efficiency in nutrient consumption among the options provided.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mitochondrion. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell due to their role in energy production through cellular respiration. They generate ATP, the main energy currency of the cell, through the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Vacuole (B) stores materials, cell membrane (C) regulates what enters and exits the cell, and ribosome (D) is responsible for protein synthesis. Mitochondria uniquely carry out the process of energy production, making them the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydrogen atoms. Saturated fats have all of their carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms, with no double bonds between carbon atoms. This results in a "saturated" molecule with as many hydrogen atoms as possible. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because saturated fats are not saturated with carbon, oxygen, or nitrogen atoms. These choices do not accurately reflect the chemical structure of saturated fats, which are primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vacuole. Vacuoles are organelles that provide storage space for the cell, storing water, nutrients, and waste products. They help maintain the cell's internal pressure and shape. Mitochondria (A) are responsible for energy production, not storage. The cell membrane (C) is a protective barrier, and ribosomes (D) are involved in protein synthesis, not storage. Therefore, only the vacuole fits the role of providing storage space for the cell.