HESI A2 Biology 2024

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vacuole. Vacuoles are organelles that provide storage space for the cell, storing water, nutrients, and waste products. They help maintain the cell's internal pressure and shape. Mitochondria (A) are responsible for energy production, not storage. The cell membrane (C) is a protective barrier, and ribosomes (D) are involved in protein synthesis, not storage. Therefore, only the vacuole fits the role of providing storage space for the cell.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vacuole. Vacuoles are organelles that provide storage space for the cell, storing water, nutrients, and waste products. They help maintain the cell's internal pressure and shape. Mitochondria (A) are responsible for energy production, not storage. The cell membrane (C) is a protective barrier, and ribosomes (D) are involved in protein synthesis, not storage. Therefore, only the vacuole fits the role of providing storage space for the cell.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cow. Cows are ruminant animals, meaning they have a complex digestive system that requires a lot of energy to break down cellulose from grass. This process is less energy-efficient compared to the digestive systems of other animals like caterpillars, coyotes, and crickets. Caterpillars have efficient digestion due to their specialized enzymes, coyotes are carnivores with more efficient nutrient absorption, and crickets have simpler digestive systems. Therefore, the cow would have the least energy efficiency in nutrient consumption among the options provided.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (2 females : 1 male) because in this scenario, the male offspring will inherit the X chromosome without the hemophilia gene from the mother. The female offspring will inherit one X chromosome with the hemophilia gene from the carrier mother and one X chromosome without the gene from the father. Therefore, 2 out of 3 offspring are predicted neither to carry nor manifest the disease. Choice A (0 females : 1 male) is incorrect because females can also be carriers of hemophilia. Choice B (1 female : 1 male) is incorrect because it doesn't account for the possibility of female carriers. Choice C (1 female : 0 males) is incorrect because it doesn't consider the transmission of the X chromosome from the mother to the sons.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Earthworm. Earthworms have an open circulatory system where the blood is pumped by the rhythmic contraction of vessels and flows among the tissues. This system allows for direct exchange of nutrients and waste products with body tissues. The other choices (A, C, D) have a closed circulatory system where blood is contained within vessels and does not directly contact body tissues, making them incorrect options.