Anatomy HESI A2

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: In the nervous system. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell that provide support and insulation to nerve cells in the nervous system. They form the myelin sheath around axons, which helps in the transmission of nerve impulses. Schwann cells are not found in the digestive system (A), skeletal system (C), or muscular system (D) as they are specifically related to the nervous system. This distinction makes option B the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, the Digestive system. The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, playing a crucial role in the digestion process by transporting food to the stomach through peristaltic movements. This is why it belongs to the Digestive system. Choice A, the Endocrine system, is incorrect because this system is responsible for producing and regulating hormones, not for the physical transport of food. Choice C, the Respiratory system, is incorrect as the esophagus is not involved in the exchange of gases, which is the primary function of the Respiratory system. Choice D, the Nervous system, is incorrect as the esophagus is not primarily responsible for transmitting nerve signals but rather for the mechanical process of moving food.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Somatic. The femoral, radial, and ulnar nerves are all part of the peripheral nervous system, specifically the somatic nervous system. This system controls voluntary movements and sensory inputs. The other choices, Autonomic (B), Sympathetic (C), and Parasympathetic (D) are all part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary processes like heart rate and digestion. Therefore, the correct answer is A because the mentioned nerves are responsible for voluntary movement and sensation, fitting within the somatic nervous system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating milk production in the breasts during lactation. It is produced by the pituitary gland. Norepinephrine is not involved in milk production. Antidiuretic hormone regulates water balance. Oxytocin is responsible for milk ejection, not production.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Along the sciatic nerve. A herniated lumbar disc can compress the sciatic nerve, causing pain that radiates down the leg (sciatica). The sciatic nerve is a major nerve that originates from the lower back, so compression at this level can lead to symptoms in the buttocks, thigh, or lower leg. Choices A and D are incorrect because the radial nerve and tibial nerve are not typically associated with lumbar disc herniation. Choice B is incorrect because a herniated disc does not occur within the spinal cord itself, but rather in the spinal canal where it can impinge on nearby nerves such as the sciatic nerve.