Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To protect internal organs and provide support. The skeletal system consists of bones that serve as the framework of the body, supporting and protecting internal organs. Bones also provide structure for muscles to attach to, enabling movement. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the skeletal system does not produce red blood cells (that's the function of the bone marrow), regulate body temperature (that's the role of the skin and hypothalamus), or store calcium (bones do store calcium, but it's not the main function of the skeletal system).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neuroglia. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons, which are responsible for transmitting electrical signals, and neuroglia, which are supportive cells that provide structure and nutrients to neurons. Osteoblasts (A) are bone-forming cells, osteocytes (C) are mature bone cells, and arterioles (D) are small blood vessels. Neuroglia are crucial for the proper functioning of neurons, making them the correct choice in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To protect the body from external damage. The skin acts as a physical barrier, preventing harmful substances from entering the body and protecting internal organs. It also helps regulate body temperature to some extent, but that is not its primary function. The skin does not produce vitamin D; this is mainly done by the liver and kidneys. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, not the skin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the integumentary system is to protect the body from external damage. The skin acts as a physical barrier against harmful substances, UV radiation, and pathogens. It also helps regulate body temperature through sweat production and insulation. Vitamin D production occurs in the skin but is not the primary function. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, not in the integumentary system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Heart. The heart is not a component of the central nervous system (CNS) as it is part of the cardiovascular system. The CNS consists of the brain, spinal cord, and retina. The brain controls cognitive functions, the spinal cord transmits nerve signals, and the retina is a part of the visual system. Choice B is incorrect as the heart's function is to pump blood and is not involved in CNS functions.