Anatomy HESI A2

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Traumatic injury to ligaments. In a whiplash injury, the sudden back-and-forth motion can cause damage to the ligaments supporting the neck. This is a common finding due to the rapid acceleration-deceleration forces involved in whiplash. Cardiopulmonary issues (A) are not typically associated with whiplash. Side-to-side spinal curvature (B) is not a common finding in whiplash injuries. Eventual herniation of discs (C) may occur in some cases but is not a common immediate finding in whiplash injuries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Traumatic injury to ligaments. In a whiplash injury, the sudden back-and-forth motion can cause damage to the ligaments supporting the neck. This is a common finding due to the rapid acceleration-deceleration forces involved in whiplash. Cardiopulmonary issues (A) are not typically associated with whiplash. Side-to-side spinal curvature (B) is not a common finding in whiplash injuries. Eventual herniation of discs (C) may occur in some cases but is not a common immediate finding in whiplash injuries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the mitral valve separates the left atrium and left ventricle. Blood flows from the left atrium through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. The other choices are incorrect because the tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and right ventricle (choice B), the pulmonary valve separates the right ventricle and pulmonary artery, and the aortic valve separates the left ventricle and aorta.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: lateral. Cheekbones are positioned to the side of the nose, making them lateral to the nose. This is based on anatomical terminology where lateral refers to the side of the body or part away from the midline. Choice A (anterior) is incorrect as it refers to the front of the body, not the side where the cheekbones are located. Choice B (proximal) is incorrect as it indicates a position closer to the point of attachment or center of the body, not the side where the cheekbones are. Choice C (deep) is incorrect as it refers to a position beneath the surface, not the side positioning of the cheekbones relative to the nose.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: As crooked bones. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to weakened bones, causing conditions like rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, resulting in bone deformities. Bleeding gums (choice A) are typically associated with vitamin C deficiency. Swollen extremities (choice B) can indicate issues like edema or circulatory problems, not specifically related to vitamin D deficiency. Red patches (choice C) may be a symptom of various skin conditions, but not a common presentation of vitamin D deficiency. In summary, crooked bones are a hallmark sign of vitamin D deficiency, making choice D the correct answer.