Reproductive Health Exam

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Threatening abortion is characterized by a firm contracted uterus with an open os. This presentation indicates a risk of miscarriage. Choice A ('Os open') is not specific enough and does not fully describe the condition. Choices C ('Heavy bleeding') and D ('Severe cramping') can also be present in threatening abortion, but the primary characteristic is a firm contracted uterus with an open os.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urine or whole blood. The Gravindex test is designed to detect Human Chorionic Gonadotrophic hormone (HCG) in urine or whole blood samples. HCG is a hormone produced during pregnancy, and its presence in urine or blood can indicate pregnancy. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the Gravindex test is not intended to detect HCG in amniotic fluid, saliva, or cervical mucus. These bodily fluids are not typically used for pregnancy testing purposes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oligomenorrhea, obesity, and hirsutism. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) commonly presents with irregular periods (oligomenorrhea), obesity, and increased hair growth (hirsutism) due to hormonal imbalances. Choice B is incorrect as amenorrhea (absence of periods), generalized hair loss, and weight gain are not typical features of PCOS. Choice C is incorrect as repeated ectopic pregnancies and chronic pelvic pain are not characteristic of PCOS. Choice D is incorrect as fatigue, body aches, and menorrhagia (excessive menstrual bleeding) are not primary symptoms seen in PCOS.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the uterus. The uterus is positioned directly posterior to the bladder in the female reproductive system. The uterine tube (choice A) is also known as the fallopian tube, which is not positioned directly posterior to the bladder. The vagina (choice B) is located below the uterus and not directly posterior to the bladder. The ovaries (choice D) are located on either side of the uterus, but they are not positioned directly posterior to the bladder.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: During menopause, the ovaries stop producing progesterone and estrogen. Progesterone and estrogen are hormones essential for the menstrual cycle and reproductive functions. Prolactin is a hormone responsible for milk production in the breasts and is not primarily produced by the ovaries. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced during pregnancy to support the production of progesterone and estrogen. Oxytocin is a hormone involved in labor and breastfeeding, not primarily produced by the ovaries.