HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urinary and reproductive. The urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body (urinary system) and also serves as the passageway for semen in males (reproductive system). The other choices are incorrect because the urethra is not part of the endocrine system (choice A), digestive system (choice D), or cardiovascular system (choice D). The urinary and reproductive systems are closely related in terms of anatomy and function, making choice B the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urinary and reproductive. The urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body (urinary system) and also serves as the passageway for semen in males (reproductive system). The other choices are incorrect because the urethra is not part of the endocrine system (choice A), digestive system (choice D), or cardiovascular system (choice D). The urinary and reproductive systems are closely related in terms of anatomy and function, making choice B the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sensory neuron. This is because sensory neurons carry impulses from sense receptors to the central nervous system, such as the spinal cord. Motor neurons carry impulses away from the central nervous system to effectors (muscles or glands). Interneurons are found within the central nervous system and facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons. Bipolar neurons have two processes (dendrite and axon) and are typically found in specialized sensory organs like the retina. Therefore, the impulse traveling from a sense receptor to the spinal cord is specifically carried by a sensory neuron.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The upper respiratory tract consists of the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli are all part of the lower respiratory tract, involved in gas exchange within the lungs. Therefore, none of the above options are part of the upper respiratory tract. The correct answer is D.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Potassium. Potassium is an essential mineral that plays a vital role in maintaining fluid balance in the body by regulating the movement of fluids in and out of cells. It helps to control blood pressure, muscle contractions, and nerve impulses. Cobalt, chromium, and sulfur do not have a direct role in fluid balance regulation. Cobalt is needed for B12 synthesis, chromium helps with insulin function, and sulfur is essential for protein structure. Therefore, potassium is the correct choice for maintaining fluid balance in the body.