HESI Pharmacology Practice Exam

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to monitor the therapeutic effect of heparin sodium. Heparin affects the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, and monitoring aPTT helps ensure the medication is within the therapeutic range to prevent clot formation. Hematocrit and hemoglobin levels assess red blood cell concentrations, while prothrombin time (PT) is used to monitor the therapeutic effect of warfarin sodium, a different anticoagulant that affects the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When mixing regular insulin with another insulin preparation, it is crucial to withdraw the regular insulin first to prevent contamination. NPH insulin should be drawn after the regular insulin to maintain the integrity of each insulin type. Therefore, if the client withdraws the NPH insulin first, it indicates the need for further teaching.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection usually includes two antibacterial drugs and a proton pump inhibitor. These medications will kill the bacteria and decrease acid production.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cetirizine hydrochloride (Zyrtec) is known to commonly cause drowsiness or sedation as a side effect. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for signs of drowsiness when administering this medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A, which can lead to toxicity when taken together. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid concurrent use of vitamin A supplements with isotretinoin. Contacting the HCP to discuss discontinuing vitamin A supplements is important to prevent potential adverse effects.