HESI RN
Pediatric HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 6-year-old boy with bronchial asthma takes the beta-adrenergic agonist agent albuterol (Proventil). The child's mother tells the nurse that she uses this medication to open her son's airway when he is having trouble breathing. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse's priority is to first reassure the mother that she is using albuterol correctly to open her son's airways during episodes of difficulty breathing. This reassurance helps build trust and ensures that the child receives the intended benefit of the medication. Once the mother feels confident in her administration technique, the nurse can then provide further education or address any concerns about the child's asthma management.
Question 2 of 5
What is the most important information for the PN to reinforce with the parents when caring for a child diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Completing the full course of antibiotics is crucial in the management of acute rheumatic fever as it helps prevent recurrence and complications. Antibiotics are essential in eradicating the underlying infection that triggers the autoimmune response leading to rheumatic fever. Reinforcing the importance of completing the prescribed antibiotic regimen is vital to ensure the child's recovery and prevent further health issues.
Question 3 of 5
A 6-year-old child with a history of asthma is brought to the emergency department with difficulty breathing and a severe cough. The nurse notes that the child is using accessory muscles to breathe and has a peak flow reading in the red zone. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a 6-year-old child with asthma experiencing difficulty breathing and using accessory muscles to breathe with a peak flow reading in the red zone, the priority intervention is to administer a nebulized bronchodilator first. Nebulized bronchodilators help open the airways quickly, providing immediate relief and improving breathing. This intervention aims to address the acute respiratory distress the child is experiencing before considering other assessments or interventions such as obtaining arterial blood gases, starting oxygen therapy, or contacting the healthcare provider.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of an 11-month-old infant with CHF who is scheduled for repair of restenosis of coarction of the aorta that was repaired 4 days after birth. Findings include blood pressure higher in the arms than the lower extremities, pounding brachial pulses, and slightly palpable femoral pulses. What pathophysiologic mechanisms support these findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta causes narrowing of the aorta, reducing blood flow to the lower extremities, leading to higher blood pressure in the arms.
Question 5 of 5
A child diagnosed with Kawasaki disease is brought to the clinic. The mother reports that her child is irritable, refuses to eat, and has skin peeling on both hands and feet. Which intervention should the nurse instruct the mother to implement first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Creating a quiet environment is the priority intervention as it helps reduce irritability and stress in children with Kawasaki disease. This intervention can promote a soothing atmosphere for the child, which may help in managing their symptoms effectively. Once the child is in a peaceful setting, further interventions such as addressing nutritional needs or skincare can be addressed.
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