Practice Science TEAS Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cartilage. Cartilage is the type of tissue that protects the respiratory system's trachea. Cartilage provides structural support and flexibility to the trachea, allowing it to maintain its shape and prevent collapse during breathing. Bone (A) is too rigid for this function. Collagen (C) is a protein that provides strength but does not have the same supportive properties as cartilage. Keratin (D) is a protein found in skin, hair, and nails, not in the trachea. Therefore, cartilage is the most suitable tissue to protect the trachea in the respiratory system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thyroid. The thyroid gland produces hormones such as thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which play a crucial role in regulating metabolism. These hormones control the body's metabolic rate, affecting processes like energy production and consumption. The thymus (A) is responsible for immune function, the pituitary gland (B) regulates various hormones but not specifically metabolism, and the pancreas (C) produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels, not metabolism directly. In summary, the thyroid gland is the correct choice as it specifically regulates metabolism through thyroid hormones.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Melanocyte. Melanocytes are specialized cells in the skin that produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. They are located in the epidermis and transfer melanin to nearby keratinocytes. Sudoriferous glands (A) produce sweat, sebaceous glands (C) produce sebum, and hair follicles (D) are responsible for hair growth. Therefore, they are not involved in melanin production in the skin.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Luteinizing Hormone. The pituitary gland secretes luteinizing hormone, which plays a crucial role in the reproductive system by stimulating ovulation in females and testosterone production in males. Estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone are not directly released by the pituitary gland but are instead produced by other glands such as the ovaries, testes, and adrenal glands. Therefore, B is the correct choice as it is the hormone directly released by the pituitary gland.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve is the longest and thickest nerve in the human body, running from the lower back down the back of each leg. Its length allows it to innervate a large portion of the lower body. The other choices, A: Dorsal root ganglion and B: Laryngeal nerve, are not nerves but rather specific structures within the nervous system. Choice D: None of the above is incorrect as the sciatic nerve is indeed the nerve with the longest axon in the human body.