Practice Science TEAS Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Small intestine. The small intestine is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients due to its large surface area and presence of specialized structures like villi and microvilli. These structures increase absorption efficiency. The stomach mainly breaks down food, the esophagus is a passage for food, and the large intestine primarily absorbs water and salts. Thus, the small intestine is the main site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arteries. Arteries carry blood away from the heart because they have thick, muscular walls that can withstand the high pressure of blood being pumped by the heart. Arterioles are smaller branches of arteries, not the main vessels carrying blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood back to the heart, while venules are small vessels that collect blood from capillaries. Thus, the correct choice is arteries as they are specifically designed to carry blood away from the heart with their unique structure and function.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Adhesion. Water is considered a universal solvent because of its strong ability to adhere to other substances and dissolve a wide range of solutes. This property is essential for water to dissolve various molecules and ions, making it an effective solvent in nature. Cohesion (A) refers to water molecules sticking to each other, not to other substances. Molarity (C) is a measure of concentration, not a property of water as a solvent. Dilution (D) refers to the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution, not the reason why water is a universal solvent.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because DNA is indeed read 5' to 3', not 3' to 5'. This directionality is essential for DNA replication and protein synthesis. Choice A is correct as DNA contains A, T, C, G nucleotides and is read 5' to 3'. Choice B is correct as DNA carries genetic information and forms chromosomes with proteins. Choice D is correct as DNA is double-stranded with hydrogen bonds holding the two strands together.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve is the longest and thickest nerve in the human body, running from the lower back down the back of each leg. Its length allows it to innervate a large portion of the lower body. The other choices, A: Dorsal root ganglion and B: Laryngeal nerve, are not nerves but rather specific structures within the nervous system. Choice D: None of the above is incorrect as the sciatic nerve is indeed the nerve with the longest axon in the human body.