HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology 2023

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cochlea. The cochlea is responsible for detecting sound as it contains hair cells that convert sound vibrations into electrical signals sent to the brain. The Eustachian tube helps equalize pressure, the ossicles transmit sound waves to the cochlea, and the semicircular canals are responsible for balance and spatial orientation. Choose A because the cochlea is specifically designed for detecting sound through its intricate inner workings.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cochlea. The cochlea is responsible for detecting sound as it contains hair cells that convert sound vibrations into electrical signals sent to the brain. The Eustachian tube helps equalize pressure, the ossicles transmit sound waves to the cochlea, and the semicircular canals are responsible for balance and spatial orientation. Choose A because the cochlea is specifically designed for detecting sound through its intricate inner workings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Temporal lobe. The temporal lobe is responsible for memory and learning due to its key structures such as the hippocampus and amygdala. The hippocampus plays a crucial role in forming new memories, while the amygdala is involved in processing emotions related to memory. Frontal lobe is more associated with executive functions, parietal lobe with sensory processing, and occipital lobe with visual processing. Therefore, the temporal lobe is the most relevant for memory and learning.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Occipital lobe. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information as it contains the primary visual cortex. This part of the brain interprets visual stimuli received from the eyes. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Frontal lobe is primarily involved in higher-level thinking, decision-making, and motor functions. B: Parietal lobe processes sensory information, spatial awareness, and perception of stimuli like touch and pressure. D: Temporal lobe plays a role in auditory processing, memory, and language comprehension.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the cardiovascular system is to transport oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body. This is achieved through the circulation of blood by the heart and blood vessels. Oxygen is vital for cellular respiration, and nutrients are essential for cell function. Regulating body temperature is primarily the role of the integumentary and nervous systems, not the cardiovascular system. Removing waste products is mainly the function of the excretory system. Hormone production is primarily controlled by the endocrine system, not the cardiovascular system. Therefore, choice A is correct as it directly aligns with the main purpose of the cardiovascular system.