Biology HESI A2 Practice Exam

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Honey. Lipids are organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Honey does not contain lipids as it mainly consists of sugars and water. Butter (A), wax (B), and canola oil (C) are all examples of lipids as they contain fatty acids and glycerol. Butter is a dairy product high in saturated fats, wax is a type of lipid used for protection in plants and animals, and canola oil is a liquid lipid derived from rapeseed plants.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ethyl alcohol fermentation. Beer production involves the conversion of sugars into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide by yeast through the process of fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation (A) produces lactic acid, not ethyl alcohol. Acetic acid fermentation (B) produces acetic acid, not ethyl alcohol. Propionic acid fermentation (C) produces propionic acid, not ethyl alcohol. Therefore, option D is the only choice that aligns with the process of beer production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hominidae. Homo sapiens belong to the family Hominidae, which includes great apes like chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans. This classification is based on shared physical and genetic characteristics. Choice A (Animalia) is incorrect as it refers to the kingdom level of classification. Choice C (Mammalia) is incorrect as it refers to the class level of classification. Choice D (Chordata) is incorrect as it refers to the phylum level of classification. The key is to identify the correct taxonomic level for the family that includes humans.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Owl. Tertiary consumers are organisms that feed on secondary consumers, which in turn feed on primary consumers. Owls primarily prey on small mammals like shrews, making them tertiary consumers in the food chain. Shrews (choice B) are secondary consumers, grasshoppers (choice C) are primary consumers, and wheat (choice D) is a producer. Therefore, the owl is the only choice that fits the definition of a tertiary consumer in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calvin cycle. This process occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and is responsible for converting carbon dioxide into glucose using ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions. Photosynthesis (A) is the overall process, including both light-dependent and light-independent reactions. Germination (C) refers to the process of a seed sprouting into a plant, not the light-independent reaction. The phosphorus cycle (D) is a biogeochemical cycle unrelated to photosynthesis.