Biology HESI A2 Practice Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: heterozygous. In a heterozygous situation, an individual carries two different alleles for a particular gene, resulting in different forms of the allele. This creates genetic diversity and can lead to varying phenotypic expressions. The term phenotype (A) refers to the physical characteristics of an organism, not specifically related to different forms of alleles. Homolog (C) refers to chromosomes that are similar in structure and function but not necessarily different forms of alleles. Homozygous (D) describes a situation where an individual carries two identical alleles for a gene, which does not involve different forms of alleles.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The scientist needs 12mL, which is equivalent to 0.012L. Since the bottle holds 12L, it contains more than enough solution. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choice A is incorrect because the scientist needs less than the total amount in the bottle. Choice C is incorrect because the scientist actually has more than enough. Choice D is also incorrect as the scientist does have more than required.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells possess a cell membrane. The cell membrane is a crucial structure present in all cells that separates the internal cellular environment from the external environment. In prokaryotic cells, the cell membrane is the outermost boundary, while in eukaryotic cells, it is surrounded by other membrane-bound organelles. Choice A is incorrect because prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, but they still have a cell membrane. Choice B is incorrect because eukaryotic cells do possess a cell membrane. Choice D is incorrect as it contradicts the basic understanding of cell biology.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Sexual reproduction involves two cells (sperm and egg) contributing genetic material to offspring, leading to genetic variation. 2. Greater genetic variation in offspring helps in adapting to changing environments and enhances species survival. 3. Asexual reproduction involves a single parent cell dividing to produce genetically identical offspring. 4. Option A is incorrect as sexual reproduction does not result in half of the cells being identical to the original cell. 5. Option B is incorrect as asexual reproduction does not result in greater variation, it produces genetically identical offspring. 6. Option D is incorrect as sexual reproduction involves two cells contributing genetic material, leading to variation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smooth, skeletal, cardiac. Smooth muscle tissue is found in organs and blood vessels, skeletal muscle tissue is attached to bones for movement, and cardiac muscle tissue is found in the heart. The other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the types of muscle tissue in the human body. Choice A includes organs and structures that are not muscle tissues. Choice C lists a neuron (nerve cell), epithelial (covering and lining tissue), and collagen (connective tissue), which are not types of muscle tissue. Choice D is incorrect as it does not provide the correct types of muscle tissue.