Biology HESI A2 Practice Exam

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Capillaries. Capillaries are found in both open and closed circulatory systems as they are the smallest blood vessels where nutrient and gas exchange occurs. In open systems, capillaries allow direct exchange with tissues, while in closed systems, they connect arteries and veins. Arteries (A) are found in closed systems, not open systems. Red blood cells (B) are present in both systems, but this question specifically asks for a structure, not a component. Immune cells (D) are not typically part of the circulatory system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Condensation is the process in which water vapor cools down and transforms into liquid water. This occurs when the temperature of the air decreases, causing the water vapor to lose energy and condense into liquid droplets. Sublimation is the direct transition from solid to gas phase, not liquid. Precipitation is the process of water falling from the sky in various forms, such as rain or snow, but it does not specifically refer to the transformation of water vapor to liquid. Absorption involves one substance taking in another substance, which is not the process of water vapor becoming liquid water. Therefore, the correct answer is A: condensation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because poor internal consistency indicates that the items in the test do not correlate or measure similar things. This means that the items are not measuring the same construct or concept consistently, leading to unreliable results. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to test-retest reliability, not internal consistency. Choice C is incorrect as the researcher should not influence internal consistency. Choice D is incorrect because items should vary to measure different aspects of the construct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfate. Nucleic acids consist of nucleotides, which are composed of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (carbon), and a nitrogenous base. Sulfate is not a component of nucleic acids. Phosphate is essential for forming the backbone of the nucleic acid molecule. Carbon is present in the sugar component of the nucleotide. Nitrogen is found in the nitrogenous bases that pair in DNA and RNA. Therefore, among the choices, only sulfate is not a part of nucleic acids.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Shelf fungus. Shelf fungi reproduce via spore formation, a process where specialized reproductive cells are released into the environment to germinate and grow into new individuals. This method is characteristic of fungi and some plants. The other choices, B: Lemon tree, C: Smallmouth bass, and D: Staphylococcus, reproduce through different mechanisms such as seeds, spawning, and binary fission, respectively. Spore formation is unique to certain organisms like fungi, making option A the correct answer.