HESI A2 Biology Practice Test 2024

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Propulsion. This is because propulsion refers to the act of driving or moving something forward, which is exactly what propels the cell forward. Microfilaments (choice A) are involved in providing structural support and movement within the cell, but they do not directly propel the cell forward. Cilia (choice C) and flagella (choice D) are external structures that can help with cell movement, but they do not serve as the primary driving force behind the cell's forward movement. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer as it directly relates to the action of moving the cell forward.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The slide is typically placed on the stage of a microscope. The stage is the platform where the slide sits for observation. Placing the slide on the stage allows for easy movement and adjustment to focus on different areas of the specimen. The eyepiece is where you look through to view the specimen, the focus knob is used to adjust the focus, and the objective lens magnifies the specimen. The stage is the correct answer because it is where the slide is physically positioned for examination.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 23 chromosomes. During meiosis, sperm and egg cells undergo two rounds of cell division, resulting in cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Since humans have 46 chromosomes in somatic cells, sperm and egg cells produced in meiosis have 23 chromosomes each. This is essential for maintaining the correct chromosome number in offspring. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the halving of the chromosome number that occurs during meiosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The genetic information in a eukaryotic cell is stored in the nucleus. This is because the nucleus contains the cell's DNA, which carries the genetic instructions for the cell's functions. The DNA is organized into chromosomes within the nucleus, where it is protected and regulated. The other choices, mitochondria, Golgi Apparatus, and cytoplasm, do not house the cell's genetic information. Mitochondria have their own separate DNA but do not store the cell's overall genetic information. Golgi Apparatus is involved in processing and packaging proteins, while cytoplasm is a fluid-filled space where organelles are located, but neither of them stores the cell's genetic information. Thus, the correct answer is B: Nucleus, as it is the specific organelle where the genetic information of a eukaryotic cell is stored.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gametes. Meiosis is the process of cell division that produces gametes (sex cells) such as sperm and eggs. During meiosis, a diploid cell undergoes two rounds of division to produce four haploid gametes. Somatic cells (choice A) are non-reproductive cells in the body. Zygote (choice C) is a fertilized egg formed by the fusion of sperm and egg, not involved in meiosis. Diploid cells (choice D) have two sets of chromosomes and are the starting cells for meiosis, not the end products. Therefore, gametes are the specific cells involved in meiosis.