HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cilia. Cilia are part of the body's primary defense system in the respiratory tract, not the secondary defense system. The secondary defense system involves immune cells like macrophages, leukocytes, and T cells that work to target and eliminate pathogens. Cilia primarily function to trap and remove foreign particles in the airways as part of the body's physical barrier against infections. Therefore, cilia are not considered part of the secondary defense system, making choice D the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: frontal. The coronal plane divides the body into front and back portions. The term "frontal" refers to the front of the body, making it the most appropriate descriptor for this plane. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions. B: Median plane is another term for the sagittal plane. D: Axial plane is not a commonly used term in anatomical terminology.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The endocrine system. The endocrine system produces hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, which play a crucial role in the body's stress response. These hormones help regulate heart rate, metabolism, and other physiological responses to stress. The digestive system (B), lymphatic system (C), and respiratory system (D) do not have primary roles in controlling stress. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food, the lymphatic system helps with immunity, and the respiratory system is involved in breathing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The integumentary system. This system includes the skin, hair, and nails, which play a crucial role in maintaining temperature control through processes like sweating and shivering. The skin regulates body temperature by releasing heat when we are hot and conserving heat when we are cold. The skeletal system (A) provides structure and support, the digestive system (B) processes food for energy, and the nervous system (C) controls body functions but is not primarily responsible for temperature regulation like the integumentary system.