HESI A2 Practice Test Vocabulary

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Basic. In the context of the sentence, 'fundamental' means basic, essential, or foundational. The term 'fundamental' refers to something that is crucial, primary, or indispensable. It is not synonymous with the other choices. A: Appropriate does not capture the essence of 'fundamental.' B: Underlying is related but doesn't fully convey the sense of essentialness. C: Dosage is completely unrelated to the meaning of 'fundamental' in this context. So, the correct choice is D as it best aligns with the meaning of 'fundamental' in the sentence.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Residual. In the context of the sentence, 'residual' refers to something that remains or is left over. The word 'resident' (A) refers to a person who lives in a particular place, 'resistance' (C) refers to the act of opposing or withstanding something, and 'resin' (D) is a sticky substance. Therefore, B is the correct choice as it directly relates to the meaning of something that remains.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ventral. In anatomy, ventral refers to the front or lower surface of a structure. This term is commonly used to describe the underside of an organism or an anatomical feature. In this context, the lower surface of a structure is typically referred to as the ventral side. The other choices, A: Inferior, B: Transverse, and C: Dorsal, are incorrect in this context as they do not specifically refer to the lower surface of a structure. Inferior refers to being below or lower in position, transverse refers to being situated across something, and dorsal refers to the back or upper surface of a structure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Protective device. A cast is a rigid protective device used to immobilize and support a broken or injured limb during the healing process. The nurse assisted in the removal of the cast, which indicates it was a protective device. The other choices (B: Medicated sleeve, C: Sling, D: Bandage) do not accurately describe a cast and its purpose in immobilizing and supporting a limb. A cast is not a sleeve with medication, a sling for support, or a simple bandage for wound protection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Toxic. "Injurious" means causing harm or damage. Toxic substances can cause harm to living organisms, making them the best fit for the word. Palatable means pleasant to taste, amenable means willing to agree, and harmless means not causing harm, which do not align with the meaning of injurious.