HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: frontal. The coronal plane divides the body into front and back portions. The term "frontal" refers to the front of the body, making it the most appropriate descriptor for this plane. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions. B: Median plane is another term for the sagittal plane. D: Axial plane is not a commonly used term in anatomical terminology.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Trypsin is a digestive enzyme produced in the pancreas that specifically breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. It acts in the small intestine, targeting peptide bonds between amino acids. This process aids in protein digestion and absorption. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as trypsin does not break down fats, starch, or nucleic acids in the body.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The endocrine system. The endocrine system produces hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, which play a crucial role in the body's stress response. These hormones help regulate heart rate, metabolism, and other physiological responses to stress. The digestive system (B), lymphatic system (C), and respiratory system (D) do not have primary roles in controlling stress. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food, the lymphatic system helps with immunity, and the respiratory system is involved in breathing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Selenium is an essential mineral known for its antioxidant properties. 2. Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals that can damage cells and lead to various health issues. 3. Selenium specifically plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress. 4. Calcium, Sulfur, and Iron are important minerals for various bodily functions but are not primarily known for their antioxidant properties. In summary: - A: Selenium is correct due to its antioxidant properties. - B: Calcium is important for bone health, not specifically an antioxidant. - C: Sulfur is needed for protein synthesis, not primarily an antioxidant. - D: Iron is essential for oxygen transport, not primarily an antioxidant.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: proximal. The shoulder is proximal to the elbow because "proximal" refers to a structure being closer to the point of attachment or origin, which is the case for the shoulder in relation to the elbow. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Posterior refers to the back side, not the proximity. C: Distal means farther away from the point of attachment, which is opposite to the relationship between the shoulder and elbow. D: Medial refers to being closer to the midline of the body, not the point of attachment in this context.