Anatomy HESI A2

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a sagittal section divides the body into right and left regions along the sagittal plane, which runs from front to back, dividing the body into symmetrical halves. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to a transverse section dividing the body into upper and lower regions. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a frontal section dividing the body into front and back regions. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to the division between the dorsal and ventral cavities, not the body as a whole.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The epidermis is classified as a tissue. Tissue is a group of cells that work together to perform a specific function. The epidermis is composed of multiple layers of cells that protect underlying tissues. It does not meet the criteria of being a single cell (choice A), an organ (choice C), or a system (choice D). It is not a single cell because it is made up of multiple layers of cells. It is not an organ because an organ is a collection of tissues working together. It is not a system because a system is a group of organs working together. Therefore, the correct classification for the epidermis is a tissue.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Activating vitamin D. Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium levels in the body by stimulating the activation of vitamin D, which helps in calcium absorption from the intestines. This process is crucial for maintaining proper bone health and muscle function. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because parathyroid hormone does not directly affect energy levels, cell reproduction, or metabolism.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Eustachian tube. The Eustachian tube connects the nasopharynx to the middle ear, allowing for equalization of pressure. This helps prevent conditions like ear infections and hearing issues. The larynx (A) is involved in speech production. Pharyngeal muscles (B) assist in swallowing. The bronchus (D) is part of the respiratory system and is not directly connected to the middle ear. Therefore, the Eustachian tube is the correct structure linking the nasopharynx to the middle ear.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Traumatic injury to ligaments. In a whiplash injury, the sudden back-and-forth motion can cause damage to the ligaments supporting the neck. This is a common finding due to the rapid acceleration-deceleration forces involved in whiplash. Cardiopulmonary issues (A) are not typically associated with whiplash. Side-to-side spinal curvature (B) is not a common finding in whiplash injuries. Eventual herniation of discs (C) may occur in some cases but is not a common immediate finding in whiplash injuries.