HESI Exams Quizlet Physics

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Capillarity is due to the cohesive forces between liquid molecules, leading to surface tension at the liquid-gas interface. This results in the liquid rising or falling in narrow tubes due to intermolecular forces overcoming gravity. A: Buoyancy and pressure differentials do not directly explain capillarity, which is driven by surface tension. B: Density variations and compressibility do not play a significant role in capillarity compared to surface tension. C: Viscous dissipation and inertial effects are not the primary factors influencing capillarity; it is mainly driven by intermolecular forces.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decrease. When one side of the U-tube manometer is connected to a pressurized system, the pressure on that side will be higher, causing the fluid level to decrease due to the increase in pressure. This is because the pressure difference between the two sides of the manometer causes the fluid to move towards the side with higher pressure. Choice A is incorrect because the fluid level will not remain the same in response to the pressure change. Choice C is incorrect as the fluid level will decrease, not increase. Choice D is incorrect as the type of fluid used does not affect how the fluid level changes in response to pressure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (15.625 cm). To calculate the image height using mirror formula (1/f = 1/v + 1/u), first find the object distance (u) which is -20 cm (since object is placed on the same side as focal point, it is negative). Then, solve for image distance (v) by substituting u and f values. Next, use magnification formula (m = -v/u) to find the magnification factor. Finally, multiply the object height by the magnification factor to get the image height, which is 15.625 cm. Choice A (30.5 cm) is incorrect as it is double the correct answer. Choice C (-15 cm) and choice D (-30.5 cm) are incorrect as the negative sign indicates an inverted image, but in this case, the image is upright.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because reversible processes can be run in both directions with the same outcome, while irreversible processes cannot. In a reversible process, the system and surroundings can be restored to their original states after the process is reversed, maintaining equilibrium. This is not possible in irreversible processes, where energy dissipation and entropy generation lead to permanent changes. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because reversible processes can involve heat transfer, do take time, and do not violate the first law of thermodynamics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a charged particle moves through a vacuum at a constant speed, it generates both an electric and magnetic field. This phenomenon is described by Maxwell's equations in electromagnetism. The moving charge creates a changing electric field which, in turn, induces a magnetic field according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. This interplay between electric and magnetic fields is fundamental to electromagnetism. Choice A is incorrect as the moving charge does not only generate an electric field. Choice B is incorrect because the moving charge does not only generate a magnetic field. Choice D is incorrect because a moving charged particle always generates both electric and magnetic fields due to the fundamental principles of electromagnetism.