HESI Exams Quizlet Physics

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gay-Lussac's law. This law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when volume is constant. When a car is driven for a long time, the tires heat up due to friction with the road, causing the air inside to heat up as well. According to Gay-Lussac's law, as the temperature increases, the pressure of the gas also increases. Choice A, Boyle's law, states that pressure and volume are inversely proportional at constant temperature. Choice B, Charles' law, states that volume and temperature are directly proportional at constant pressure. Choice D, Dalton's law, is about the total pressure of a gas mixture being the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. These laws do not directly explain why the pressure in the tires of a car increases with driving.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When you double the distance between two objects, the gravitational force between them decreases by a factor of 4 (inverse square law). So, if the original force was 12 units, when you double the distance, the new force will be 12/4 = 3 units. Therefore, the correct answer is A: 3 units. Summary: - Choice A (3 units) is correct as the force decreases by a factor of 4 when the distance is doubled. - Choices B (6 units), C (24 units), and D (48 units) are incorrect as they do not consider the inverse square law of gravitational force.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: To determine the power rating of the lamp, we use the formula Power = Energy / Time. Given the lamp consumes 60 Joules per second, the power rating is 60 Joules / 1 second = 60 Watts (Choice B). The other choices are incorrect because A is too low, C is not a valid unit for power, and D is not necessary as power can be calculated based on energy consumption alone.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The resistance of a wire is inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. Smaller diameter wires have higher resistance. As the wire gauge number decreases, the diameter increases. Therefore, wire gauge 4 with the smallest diameter (5.19 mm) would have the greatest resistance among the given choices. Choices A, B, and C have larger diameters, so their resistances would be lower compared to choice D.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In an isobaric process (constant pressure), work done is given by W = PΔV. Since the pressure is constant, work done is directly proportional to the volume change. As volume increases, work is done by the system, making it positive. If volume decreases, work is done on the system, making it negative. Choice A is incorrect as work is done even if volume change is zero. Choice C is incorrect as work's sign depends on the direction of volume change. Choice D is incorrect as work done is indeed dependent on pressure and volume change in an isobaric process.