HESI A2 Biology Practice Test

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To convert cm to mm, you multiply by 10 since 1 cm = 10 mm. Therefore, to convert 8 cm to mm, you multiply 8 by 10 which equals 80 mm. Choice A (80 mm) is correct. Option B (800 mm) is incorrect as it is 10 times the correct answer, making it too large. Option C (8 mm) is incorrect as it represents the original measurement in cm, not the conversion to mm. Option D (0.8 mm) is incorrect as it is one-tenth of the correct answer, making it too small.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prometaphase. This phase of mitosis is characterized by the disintegration of the nuclear envelope. During prometaphase, the breakdown of the nuclear envelope allows the spindle fibers to access the chromosomes. This is crucial for the proper alignment and separation of the chromosomes during mitosis. In prophase (choice A), the nuclear envelope starts to break down but is not fully disintegrated. In metaphase (choice D), the nuclear envelope is already broken down, and the chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate. Therefore, prometaphase is the specific phase where the nuclear envelope completely disintegrates, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because mitosis is essential for the growth and repair of body tissues. During mitosis, a cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells with the same genetic information as the parent cell. This process is crucial for replacing damaged or dead cells, allowing for growth and tissue repair. A is incorrect because mitosis does not involve the fusion of male and female gametes, which is a process called fertilization. B is incorrect because mitosis actually maintains genetic consistency within a species by producing genetically identical cells. C is incorrect because mitosis typically produces cells that are very similar to the parent cell, ensuring the preservation of genetic information and function.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is the outer boundary of an animal cell that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. "Biological membrane" is too broad and vague, not specifying the cell's outer boundary. "Cell coat" refers to the glycocalyx on the cell surface, not the main membrane. "Unit membrane" is a general term for any biological membrane with two lipid layers, not specific to animal cells.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Connective tissue. Fat is a type of adipose tissue, which is a specialized form of connective tissue that stores energy in the form of fat cells. Connective tissue provides support, structure, and insulation to the body. Muscle tissue (B) is responsible for movement, nervous tissue (C) transmits signals, and epithelial tissue (D) forms protective barriers. Fat does not perform these functions, hence choices B, C, and D are incorrect.