ATI TEAS 7 Science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mitosis. Mitosis is the type of cell division responsible for growth and repair in multicellular organisms. During mitosis, a cell divides into two identical daughter cells, ensuring the growth and repair of tissues. Meiosis (A) is involved in sexual reproduction, not growth or repair. Binary fission (C) is a form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotic cells, not growth or repair. Osmosis (D) is the passive movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane, not a form of cell division.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Insulin. Insulin is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy production and storage. It helps lower blood sugar levels by promoting glucose utilization. Thyroxine (A) regulates metabolism, adrenaline (C) is involved in the fight-or-flight response, and cortisol (D) regulates stress response and metabolism, but they do not directly regulate blood sugar levels like insulin does.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Solar energy to electrical energy. Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, convert sunlight (solar energy) directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight hits the solar cell, photons from the sunlight are absorbed by the semiconducting material in the cell, creating an electric current. This process allows solar cells to generate electricity without moving parts or the need for any other energy sources. Explanation for other choices: A: Electrical energy to light energy - This is incorrect as solar cells do not convert electrical energy into light energy, but rather convert solar energy into electrical energy. B: Chemical energy to electrical energy - This is incorrect as solar cells do not involve any chemical reactions to produce electricity. C: Solar energy to thermal energy - This is incorrect as solar cells are designed to convert solar energy directly into electrical energy, not thermal energy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Trachea. The trachea is the largest part of the airway. It is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass into and out of the lungs. The trachea is larger than the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Bronchi are the main air passages into the lungs, branching off from the trachea. Bronchioles are smaller branches of the bronchi. Therefore, the trachea is the largest structure among the given choices, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is D because saltatory conduction is faster than normal nerve conduction (A), occurs from one node of Ranvier to the next (B), and only occurs in myelinated neurons (C). This process involves the rapid transmission of action potentials in myelinated axons, where the impulse "jumps" from one node of Ranvier to the next, skipping the myelinated regions in between. This allows for faster conduction speeds compared to continuous conduction in unmyelinated neurons. Therefore, all of the statements in options A, B, and C are accurate descriptions of saltatory conduction, making option D the correct choice.