TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thymus. The thymus is responsible for maturing T cells, a type of white blood cell crucial for immune responses. The thymus is where immature T cells develop into functional T cells through a process called thymic education. The other choices are incorrect because the hypothalamus (A) is involved in regulating hormones, the pineal gland (B) regulates sleep-wake cycles, and the thyroid (D) produces hormones that regulate metabolism. These structures do not have a direct role in maturing T cells.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To exchange gases. The primary function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air we breathe and our blood. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production in the body. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because digestion of food is primarily handled by the digestive system, nutrient transportation is mainly done by the circulatory system, and regulation of body temperature is primarily controlled by the integumentary and nervous systems.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The pancreas produces insulin to lower blood sugar levels and glucagon to raise them. Insulin helps cells take in glucose for energy or storage. Glucagon signals the liver to release stored glucose. Storing glucose (option C) is not the primary function of the pancreas. Adrenaline (option D) is produced by the adrenal glands, not the pancreas.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hydrophobic proteins often provide structural support in the body. This is because hydrophobic proteins have non-polar amino acids that interact with each other to form stable structures. These proteins are commonly found in cell membranes, connective tissues, and structural proteins like collagen. They are crucial for maintaining the shape and integrity of cells and tissues. Incorrect Choices: A: Digestive enzymes - Hydrophobic proteins are not commonly involved in digestive processes. C: Carry oxygen molecules - Oxygen-carrying proteins like hemoglobin are typically hydrophilic, not hydrophobic. D: Store energy - Energy storage is usually performed by molecules like carbohydrates and lipids, not hydrophobic proteins.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vacuole. Vacuoles are responsible for storing food, water, and other materials in the cell. They help maintain turgor pressure and regulate the cell's internal environment. Centrioles are involved in cell division, lysosomes contain digestive enzymes, and ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. So, A, B, and C are incorrect choices for food and water storage in the cell.