TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because all of the statements are accurate regarding the microscopic anatomy of heart muscle. A: Cardiac muscle is indeed striated, short, fat, branched, and interconnected. B: Intercalated discs do anchor cardiac cells together and facilitate ion passage. C: The connective tissue endomysium serves as a support structure similar to tendons. Therefore, D is correct as all statements are true about the microscopic anatomy of heart muscle.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fibrous. Fibrous joints connect bones of the skull with fibrous tissue, providing stability and limited movement. Synovial joints (Choice A) have a joint cavity with synovial fluid for movement but aren't found in the skull. Cartilaginous joints (Choice C) connect bones with cartilage and allow slight movement, not commonly found in the skull. Ball-and-socket joints (Choice D) allow the widest range of motion and are not present in the skull. Therefore, the fibrous joint is the most suitable type for connecting the bones of the skull.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Natural Killer cells. Natural Killer cells are part of the innate immune response as they can recognize and eliminate infected or abnormal cells without prior exposure. B-cells and cytotoxic T-cells are part of the adaptive immune response, requiring specific antigens to respond. Antigen-Presenting Cells play a crucial role in initiating the adaptive immune response by presenting antigens to T-cells. Therefore, Natural Killer cells are the only cells listed that belong to the innate immune response.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ventilation. Ventilation specifically refers to the mechanical act of breathing, which involves the movement of air in and out of the lungs. This process is essential for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. A: Diffusion is the process of molecules moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. While diffusion plays a role in gas exchange during respiration, it is not the mechanical act of breathing itself. B: Perfusion refers to the process of blood flow through the tissues. Although perfusion is vital for delivering oxygen to the body's cells, it is not the mechanical act of breathing. C: Respiration encompasses the entire process of gas exchange in the body, including both ventilation and the exchange of gases at the cellular level. While respiration is closely related to breathing, it is not specifically the mechanical act of breathing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cerebellum. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating muscle movements by receiving information from the sensory systems, spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to regulate motor movements. It plays a crucial role in maintaining balance, posture, and smooth coordination of voluntary movements. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The cerebrum is primarily involved in higher brain functions such as thinking, decision-making, and emotions. C: The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information but does not directly control muscle coordination. D: The medulla oblongata is responsible for regulating vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure, but not specifically muscle coordination.