Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Radiation. During radioactivity, particles such as alpha and beta particles, gamma rays, and positrons are emitted. These particles are collectively known as radiation. Electrons (choice A) and protons (choice B) are subatomic particles found in atoms and are not typically emitted during radioactivity. Neutrons (choice D) are neutral subatomic particles and are not emitted during radioactivity. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it encompasses the various types of particles emitted during radioactive decay.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Element. An element is the simplest form of a substance that cannot be broken down further by chemical means. It consists of only one type of atom. Compounds (A) are made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded. Mixtures (B) contain two or more substances physically mixed but not chemically bonded. Molecules (D) are combinations of atoms, which can be either elements or compounds.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Polar. In a covalent bond, if electrons are not shared equally, the bond is considered polar. This occurs when one atom has a higher electronegativity than the other, leading to an uneven distribution of electron density. As a result, one end of the bond will have a partial negative charge while the other end will have a partial positive charge, creating a dipole moment. Choices B (Non-polar) and D (Hydrogen) are incorrect because they do not specifically address the unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond. Choice C (Ionic) is incorrect as ionic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons, not sharing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Non-polar. In a covalent bond where electrons are shared equally, the electronegativity of the atoms involved is the same, resulting in a symmetrical distribution of charge. This leads to a non-polar covalent bond. A: Polar bonds occur when there is an unequal sharing of electrons due to differences in electronegativity. C: Ionic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions. D: Hydrogen bonds are a type of intermolecular force, not a classification of covalent bonds based on electron sharing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, the Law of Conservation of Mass. This law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, only rearranged. This is based on the principle of mass conservation, where the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. This law is supported by experimental evidence and is a fundamental principle in chemistry. Choice A, the Law of Conservation of Energy, is incorrect because it pertains to the conservation of energy, not mass. Choice C, the Law of Constant Composition, is incorrect as it refers to compounds having fixed ratios of elements. Choice D, the Law of Multiple Proportions, is incorrect because it describes the ratios in which elements combine to form different compounds, not the conservation of mass.