TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pancreas. The pancreas is responsible for producing insulin because it contains clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans, specifically beta cells, which secrete insulin. The liver (A) plays a role in regulating blood sugar levels but does not produce insulin. The gallbladder (C) stores bile and aids in digestion, not insulin production. The spleen (D) is important for immune function but does not produce insulin. Therefore, the pancreas is the correct choice for producing insulin.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To produce bile. The liver produces bile, which is essential for the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Bile helps emulsify fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets for easier digestion. A: To absorb water - This is not the primary function of the liver. Water absorption primarily occurs in the intestines. C: To store glucose - While the liver does store glucose in the form of glycogen, its primary function is not to store glucose. D: To regulate metabolism - While the liver does play a role in metabolism, its primary function in the digestive system is to produce bile.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To exchange gases. The primary function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air we breathe and our blood. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production in the body. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because digestion of food is primarily handled by the digestive system, nutrient transportation is mainly done by the circulatory system, and regulation of body temperature is primarily controlled by the integumentary and nervous systems.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Natural Killer cells. Natural Killer cells are part of the innate immune response as they can recognize and eliminate infected or abnormal cells without prior exposure. B-cells and cytotoxic T-cells are part of the adaptive immune response, requiring specific antigens to respond. Antigen-Presenting Cells play a crucial role in initiating the adaptive immune response by presenting antigens to T-cells. Therefore, Natural Killer cells are the only cells listed that belong to the innate immune response.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Left atrium. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins. This oxygenated blood is then pumped into the left ventricle and circulated to the rest of the body. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cava. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body, and the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation, respectively.