TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the cerebrum. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher brain functions such as thought, reasoning, memory, and voluntary actions. It consists of the cerebral cortex, which plays a crucial role in processing sensory information and controlling motor functions. The amygdala (A) is involved in emotions and memory, the brain stem (B) controls basic life functions like breathing and heart rate, and the cerebellum (C) coordinates movement and balance. Therefore, the cerebrum is the correct choice for higher brain functions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: It runs 3' to 5'. The antisense strand of DNA runs in the opposite direction to the sense strand. This is because DNA strands run antiparallel to each other, with one running 5' to 3' and the other running 3' to 5'. The antisense strand serves as a template for RNA synthesis during transcription, where RNA polymerase reads the antisense DNA strand and synthesizes an RNA molecule that is complementary to it. Choice A is incorrect because the sense strand runs 5' to 3'. Choice C is incorrect because the antisense strand is not directly involved in replication; it is mainly involved in transcription. Choice D is incorrect because the direction DNA is stored does not depend on the antisense strand.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the cerebrum. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher brain functions such as thought, reasoning, memory, and voluntary actions. It consists of the cerebral cortex, which plays a crucial role in processing sensory information and controlling motor functions. The amygdala (A) is involved in emotions and memory, the brain stem (B) controls basic life functions like breathing and heart rate, and the cerebellum (C) coordinates movement and balance. Therefore, the cerebrum is the correct choice for higher brain functions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Artery. Arteries are responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the body. Arteries have thick walls and are designed to withstand the high pressure generated by the pumping action of the heart. Oxygenated blood is pumped out of the heart through the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then distributed to various parts of the body through smaller arteries. A: Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. C: Capillaries are tiny blood vessels where the exchange of oxygen and nutrients occurs. D: Lymphatic vessels are responsible for transporting lymph, not oxygenated blood. In summary, arteries are specifically designed to carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, making them the correct choice in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vacuole. Vacuoles are responsible for storing food, water, and other materials in the cell. They help maintain turgor pressure and regulate the cell's internal environment. Centrioles are involved in cell division, lysosomes contain digestive enzymes, and ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. So, A, B, and C are incorrect choices for food and water storage in the cell.